For those who have decided to grow this attractive chamomile-like flower on their property for the first time, the following recommendations will be of interest: helenium - planting and care. By the way, this is a favorite among gardeners and landscape designers all over the world, a plant that fits well into any design of plots, gardens and even individual flower beds.

Photo 1. Helenium is native to Central and North America.

Description of Helenium

There are more than 30 species of Heleniums (a genus of annuals and perennials of the Asteraceae family). Their homeland is Central and North America. There is a legend according to which the beautiful Helen, the wife of King Menelaus, kidnapped by enemies and imprisoned in a tower, cried about her grief, and her tears, falling to the ground, flared up with a bright flame and turned into golden flowers. They were called Heleniums. Modest and unremarkable for a certain time, at the end of summer they bloom with warm and velvety colors and charm with their unusual beauty.

The roots of perennial helenium die in winter, but the underground buds remain.

Perennial helenium is not what we are used to thinking of as perennial flowers. In the cold weather, plants die off along with their roots, but their underground buds have already formed leaf rosettes, which will produce new shoots in the spring. What appears to be a bush from afar is actually a multitude of closely growing erect flower stalks branching at the top. The height of the “bush” can reach up to 1.5 m, although there are also low-growing varieties. The plant has lanceolate, alternate leaves. Flower baskets can be single or collected in corymbose inflorescences. The baskets are painted in yellow, orange, red, brown and purple tones, and are also available in two colors. The fruit is a pubescent achene with an elongated shape. Helenium has an interesting property of changing color during the growing season. Yellow bushes turn orange, red bushes turn brown.

Photo of helenium much better than words conveys the beauty and unusualness of the flower (photo 1).

Reproduction methods

Decorative flowers are propagated in two ways: by seeds and vegetatively - by separating rosettes and cuttings.

Helenium seeds must be collected in the fall.

Helenium seeds are collected in the fall. This must be done before the prolonged autumn rains begin. As soon as the cone turns black and the reed flowers darken, the seeds are ripe. But it is not a fact that a plant grown from collected seeds will be a copy of its “parent”. In addition, the germination rate of freshly harvested seeds is quite low. Therefore, it is better to purchase seeds in a specialized store, where helenium is presented in various varieties.

The seeds are sown in the ground in the fall, and by summer young flower bushes will have formed. A in early spring(late February - early March) you can sow them in containers for seedlings. After the seeds are sown, the container is wrapped in polyethylene and placed in the refrigerator in the vegetable department for 1-1.5 months. This process is called stratification. Then the container is placed in a warm place with good lighting. The air temperature should be +18-22 degrees. Seedlings sprout with 2-3 true leaves, and helenium will bloom only after a year.

The most effective way The reproduction of a flower is considered to be the separation of rosettes. They are planted in May, when the likelihood of night frosts is reduced to zero. You can propagate Helenium and stem cuttings during stem growth. The cuttings are cut and rooted in the soil. You can pre-hold them in the rooting mixture. The optimal planting density of rosettes and cuttings is 4-5 per 1 square. m.

Planting and caring for ornamental plants

Watering helenium should be frequent and quite abundant.

It's better to choose sunny plot, but even in the shade heleniums grow and bloom well. The soil should be well-drained, neutral, light and nutritious. Before planting, the soil is dug up with compost onto the bayonet of a shovel.

For planting, holes are prepared that are 2 times larger than the root ball of the plant. Helenium roots are dipped in water for a few minutes to soak in moisture, then planted at the same depth at which the plant grew in the box. The minimum planting pattern is 30x35 cm. Then the soil is mulched with humus or peat.

The peculiarity of helenium is that dry soil inhibits it. Watering should be frequent and abundant, especially on hot days. At the same time, the plant cannot tolerate too wet soil. Regular weeding and shallow (7 cm deep) loosening are required. Mulching the soil after planting will make it easier to kill weeds.

Fertilizing is carried out 3 times with mineral and organic fertilizers:

1. In May. For 10 liters of water, take 1 tbsp. l. organic fertilizer Effekton, potassium sulfate, urea. Consumption - 3-4 liters per 1 sq. m.
2. Late August - early September. For 10 liters of water, take 1 liter of liquid mullein, 1 tbsp. l. liquid Agricola-fantasy and Agricola-7. Consumption - 2-3 liters per 1 sq. m.
3. At the end of October. For 10 liters of water, take 1 tbsp. l. potassium sulfate and superphosphate. Consumption - 5 l per 1 sq. m.

Photo 2. Bright flower bushes of heleniums will decorate any area in the country.

You can spray the plant for better budding with growth regulator Bud (take 10 g per 10 liters).

For more luxuriant flowering, you need to remove faded inflorescences. Pinching the tops increases the branching and density of the bushes.

Before the onset of winter cold, the stems of the plant are cut off, leaving small tails above the ground. Then the area is mulched with sawdust or moss and covered with lutrasil in case of a snowless winter or severe frost. If the winters are mild, the plant will survive them well without shelter. Over time, helenium loses its frost-resistant properties, and the soil under it is depleted, so it must be replanted every 4 years.

Heleniums in the design of plots

Bright flower bushes can decorate any area (photo 2). Tall plants are used to make mono-plantings that perfectly camouflage fences and buildings that have an unpresentable appearance. In a flowerbed, helenium is placed in the center so that shorter plants are not blocked by spreading tall flowers. Low-growing varieties are used to make picturesque borders.

Photo 3. Very beautiful decorative flower is Helenium hybrid.

Heleniums combine very beautifully with asters, rudbeckias, sedums and ornamental shrubs. They look no less impressive in bouquets, but you should keep in mind that flowers that have not fully opened will not bloom in water.

Some types of helenium are designed specifically for garden decoration. For example, Helenium autumnale, popularly called the “sneezing plant,” and Helenium bigelow. In the old days, dry leaves of helenium autumn were used in the manufacture of tobacco, which, when inhaled, caused sneezing, thereby expelling evil spirits from the body. Usually the plant grows up to 1 m, but there are species that reach 2 m. Heleniums can vary in color: yellow, red-brown, orange. The flowering period is from August to October. The flower does not like a large amount of fertilizing.

And Helenium bigelow blooms in June-July, the middle flowers have Brown color, reed - yellow. The height of the plant is 80 cm. At the same time, the helenium gupes blooms.

There are plants that bloom in spring. The flower is called spring helenium. Its height reaches 1 m, from mid-May to mid-June it pleases the eye with orange-brown flowers.

A very attractive decorative flower is hybrid helenium (photo 3).

There are a lot of plant varieties, and everyone can choose their favorite helenium and use it in landscaping their area, creating beautiful and intricate flower beds and green hedges.

​Similar articles​

Helenium is planted in the background of flower beds, near ornamental shrubs, fences, and buildings that need to be decorated with plants. Pairs wonderfully with perennial asters, blooming in autumn. The inflorescences are good in autumn bouquets.​

Its most famous representatives:

​Planting helenium in the garden is done in a pre-prepared hole, into which complex minerals and organic fertilizers. It is recommended to apply approximately 1 for each bush. Matchbox specialized mineral fertilizer for flowering plants. You can also add 1 - 2 cups of humus or matured compost. After planting helenium is completed, the soil is generously moistened with warm, settled water. Repeated watering is carried out after 12 hours. It will do better in fertile, moist soil. But it is not recommended to plant it in one place all the time, as it depletes the soil quite significantly. It is recommended to fertilize it 2-3 times during the summer.

Propagated by division and seeds. It is better to divide Helenium hybrid and autumn in May. Helenium divides easily; when dug, it breaks up into rosettes with roots.​

​Chipperfield Orange​

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Helenium: planting and care, types and varieties, photos.

​. The reeds are yellow golden, the outside is orange-red, with a reddish border along the edges, the tubular flowers are yellow and brown. Flowering is abundant.

Helenium does not have a perennial rhizome. Helenium has stems winter period die off with roots. And the buds formed on the underground part of the stem form a rosette of foliage with roots.​

​There are many the most beautiful flowers, which decorate summer cottages, but there is one that is recognized as a garden favorite in Europe. This is a sun-like, bright and beautiful helenium. The flower is well known to gardeners. It is unpretentious and easy to breed in a summer cottage. The perennial plant is native to North and Central America. Its stems are tough and durable. The flowers are very bright colors: yellow, red, variegated. Due to the variety of varieties, it is suitable for creating picturesque flower arrangements in flower beds or as a tapeworm (that is, it can be grown without mixing with other species). Helenium will look very impressive in both cases. Its flowering time is August.

Types, varieties of helenium

Helenium spring

​In this section you will find posts on the care, cultivation, watering, and propagation of Helenium. Community users share tips and secrets with each other. A huge number of photos.​

Helenium hybrid

Brassingham Gold - height up to 1 m, bright yellow flowers;

​Helenium autumn flower in natural form grows in North America. People also call it the “sneezing plant.” Autumn helenium flowers can grow up to one meter in height. In August and November you can see flowers in the shape of heads with curved rays.​ ​When planning care for helenium, it is worth considering that this is a moisture-loving plant, so in hot weather it requires abundant watering. Plants are frost-resistant. However, if you do not take measures to transplant and shelter, then it may not survive the winter. Helenium flowers have one specific feature: buds, while still young, are formed annually higher and higher on the stem, eventually they can be seen above the soil, where they freeze. When preparing for winter, it is useful to mulch the flower with sawdust. These are the basic rules for caring for helenium. The plant is planted in the background of flower beds, next to ornamental shrubs, singly or in groups, near buildings and fences. Helenium goes well with autumn blooming perennial asters. Beautiful inflorescences in bouquets. ​​"​

Helenium autumn

​Rothout​

- plant 100 cm tall. Reed flowers are red-brown, and tubular flowers are yellowish-brown. Flowering occurs in July.​

It is this rosette that produces a flowering stem the following year. Therefore, helenium does not have a bush, but has independent plants. Helenium stems are straight, branched at the top, 1.6 m tall.​

To plant helenium in your garden, planting and caring for the flower requires the following. One of the main conditions for the successful development of a plant is regular watering, which should be plentiful. If the summer is hot and dry, especially do not neglect frequent watering of flowers. Plants need to be fed with fertilizers several times a season. ​The goal of our project is to exchange experience so that each project participant can learn how to care for a plant at home. Register.​ Bruno - height 1.2 m, golden brown-red;​Look at the photo of autumn helenium on this page further:​

Helenium can be propagated by seeds, rosettes or green cuttings. ​The variety of garden plants, which are planted taking into account their botanical characteristics, can delight the eye for a long period of time. Let's look at helenium flowers, which are increasingly finding a place in the sun on garden plots. It is perennial and annual flower. Family - Asteraceae.​- plant up to 1.8 m tall, orange inflorescences, large, blooms in August. ​​"​

​Biedermeier​ ​North America is considered its homeland; it grows in swamps and damp meadows. ​ The leaves are arranged in an alternate order; they are lanceolate. Helenium inflorescences are baskets, they are solitary or collected in a corymbose inflorescence. The flowers are orange, yellow, brown, purple or bicolor; central ones are brown or yellow.​​Gelenium needs replanting. When the bushes grow strongly, they need to be moved to a new place. This is necessary, since the plant stems die off along with the roots every year. But renewal buds remain, which are located in the underground part. New, young rosettes develop from them. It is not advisable to transplant in the fall. If it is nevertheless planned to transplant helenium in the fall, planting and caring for it dictate compliance following rules. The stems of the plant must be cut off. Their height should be ten centimeters. When digging up bushes, you must protect the roots of the plant from damage.​

​Latest in blogs​ ​Butterpat - height 1 m, dark yellow;​ The petals have a reddish tint, almost burgundy. There is a slight yellowish tint at the tip of the flower cones. Helenium Rubincverg is graceful plant, which can decorate any flower garden. Looks great in group plantings in flower beds.​​Planting helenium can be done both before winter directly in the ground, and in spring period in seedling boxes. They usually grow in height, so it is possible to plant them close to each other (60-80 cm). The seeds germinate within 2-3 weeks, but only give color for the next season.​

​We present a brief description of helenium flowers and some photos of this plant in in bloom. It grows naturally in Central and North America. It has shiny yellow petals that surround spherical brownish nugs that are coated with lightly golden pollen. The leaves are pointed. ​Grows in mountain meadows North America.​ ​. Baskets 4 cm in diameter; tongues brownish-red; tubular flowers yellow with brown. Blooms profusely.​​"​

​Rhizome perennial. Stems are branched, straight, up to 1.6 m tall, woody, strong, leafy.​ ​Among the perennials that bloom in autumn, you simply cannot ignore the charming helenium. Powerful bushes are strewn with inflorescences in red-yellow-brown tones, which are in harmony with other autumn colors.​ Helenium can be propagated by seeds. Since it is not whimsical, it is sown both in seedling boxes and in open ground. Seeds germinate within two to three weeks. You should expect the helenium to bloom, planting and caring for it in the manner described above, next season. Varietal plants are recommended to be propagated by division. The most suitable time is spring. You can also divide the bushes when transplanting, during flowering. To do this, cut the stems to speed up the development of renewal buds. To plant a flower, it is better to choose well-lit areas of the garden, although it will grow well in the shade. The soil should be moist, neutral and fertile.​​I bought a bush of flowers at the market. The seller called it “chocolate chamomile”, then found out that its correct name is helenium. The plant can become a decoration for any flower bed. It grows about 70 cm high. On each stem there is a small bouquet of chocolate daisies. Two years later, I divided the bush and replanted it. Now I have several growing...​

Helenium Gupesa

​Grimson Beauty - height 60 cm, yellow;​

Flowering lasts from mid-summer to mid-autumn. The length of the stem reaches up to 60 cm, sometimes even higher. The stems are tall and straight. Suitable for cutting and making bouquets.​

Gelenium location

​The easiest way to propagate this flower is with rosettes. But remember that in the fall it is not recommended to divide it, since after this it will bloom later, and the roots will not have time to prepare for the cold. That's why best time This is what spring is for.​

Soil for helenium

​Inflorescences in the form of baskets (single or group). Along the edges of the baskets are flowers of yellow, orange or red shades. There are also central flowers in the basket. They are tube-shaped and have a brown or yellow tint.​

Helenium care

​plant 90 cm in height. The stems of Gelenium Gupes are straight, branched at the top. The foliage is oblong-lanceolate, dense, gray-green. Inflorescences are solitary, on long peduncles. Tubular and reed flowers are yellow. Flowering is abundant and lasts about 30 days. Bears fruit.​

Helenium propagation

​. Baskets 4 cm in diameter; the reeds are yellow with a red stroke, the tubular flowers are yellow. Gelenium "Biedermeier" 80 cm high. Blooms for about 40 days.​

Using helenium

Leaves are sessile, medium-sized. The inflorescences of autumn helenium are baskets, collected in apical corymbose inflorescences. Helenium autumnal has reed flowers that are yellow, red, and tubular flowers that are dark yellow. Flowering occurs in July and lasts 60 days.​

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Helenium flowers: planting and care - Online magazine about garden and landscape design

​Perennial rhizomatous plant. Straight stems, 1 m tall. The foliage is dark green, lanceolate. Inflorescences 7 cm in diameter. Reed flowers of helenium are orange, tubular ones are brown. Flowering begins in mid-May and lasts about 30 days. In Siberia it can winter without shelter. Bears fruit.​

Description of helenium flowers and their photos

​If helenium grows in your garden, almost no care is required. The plant is not susceptible to diseases - fungal and bacterial, and is also not afraid of pests.​

​Tatiana​

​Riverton Jam - height 1 m, red-golden;​

The leaves are green in color and small. Grows up to 70 cm. The flowers are burgundy. Cold-resistant.​

Growing helenium from seeds: planting and care

It is not so difficult to propagate helenium from green cuttings. For this purpose, young one-year-old shoots, reaching a height of 10-15 cm, should be taken into circulation in the spring. It is advisable to cut off and root the upper part of the shoot 6-8 cm. For the best effect, it is advisable to cover the cuttings on top with jars. As soon as you see new leaves on the cuttings, remove the jars immediately. And on the remaining stem new shoots will sprout, which will later be useful for cuttings in summer period or just leave them to bloom. After you have already planted the cuttings on permanent place, carefully mulch them with peat or humus, cover with covering material.​

The plant produces flowers in August or September. Helenium blooms for quite a long time. Flowers on helenium can be observed for 6 weeks from July to the end of August. It reaches a height of up to 90 cm, and the area of ​​the bush occupies up to 60 cm. Suitable for cutting and bouquet arrangements.​

The plant is light-loving and tolerates partial shade.

​Buttonpad​

​There are garden varieties with yellow-red flowers of different shades: ​

​This includes most garden hybrids of unknown origin, but the main original species is the autumn helenium. Varieties differ in size, height, shape and coloring of inflorescences, timing and duration of flowering. For example:​

​Before the onset of cold weather, helenium is prepared for wintering. The bushes are pruned - quite short. This is necessary so that the plant’s shelter is not interfered with by its stems. Then the flower must be mulched with moss or sawdust and covered with lutrasil.

Helenium can be annual or perennial. I have a perennial one, but despite this, the stems die off along with the roots by winter, which scared me very much when my plant’s first winter passed. In spring, a rosette of leaves forms from the underground part of the annual stem. The plant is tall 1.5 -1.7 cm. The stem is straight and branched ending...​

Helenium varieties

​Windley - height 80 cm, yellow-orange.​

Helenium spring and its photo

​Know that helenium grown using the above methods will bloom only after a year.​

Autumn helenium flowers and their photos

​Look at the photo of helenium flowers of various varieties:​

​Prefers fertile, well-cultivated neutral soil.​

Helenium Rubinzwerg

​Goldfuks​

Helenium Gupesa

Gardeners have in vain forgotten the beautiful helenium, planting and caring for which does not pose any special problems. The flower is widely used by landscape and garden designers, as it has a rich variety of varieties and lush flowering.​

Helenium hybrid

​Aster family. It is believed that the clan is named after Helen, the wife of King Menelaus, who, according to legend, was kidnapped by Paris. More than 30 species are known. The plant is native to North and Central America. Heleniums - perennial or annual herbaceous plants that do not have perennial rhizomes. By winter, flowering stems and roots die off. By this time, the buds formed on the underground part of the stem form a rosette of leaves with roots, which gives rise to a flowering stem the following year. That is, Helenium is not a bush in the generally accepted sense, but closely seated individual plants. Straight stems up to 160 cm high are branched at the top. The leaves are lanceolate, the inflorescences are baskets. The marginal flowers of Heleniums are ligulate, orange, yellow, purple, brown or bicolor; internal ones are tubular, yellow or brown. Powerful bushes of heleniums are dotted with inflorescences in yellow-brown-red color scheme, in harmony with other autumn colors.​

​Grows in the mountains of North America. Reaches 90 cm in height. The stems are straight, branched at the top. The leaves are oblong, pointed, gray-green. The flowers of Gelenium Gupes in the shape of a trumpet and tongue are yellowish. Flowering lasts about a month.​

​Currently, there are numerous varieties of helenium in breeding, which differ in flowering periods, bud colors and their sizes. The following describes some common varieties of helenium that can be grown in your garden.

To obtain early and long-lasting flowering, the seedling planting method is recommended. Growing helenium from seeds can be started on a windowsill or in a greenhouse from the end of March. To do this, light, structured soil with a high content of organic matter is prepared in advance. Helenium seeds are sown in small and shallow containers for growing seedlings. The first shoots appear after 2 weeks. Then they need to be dived into separate peat pots with a diameter of 4 - 5 cm. This procedure is carried out in the phase of 2 true leaves.​

In hot weather it requires abundant watering. Responds well to feeding. The plant is winter-hardy, however, if you do not divide it for more than 3 years, the rosettes may freeze in winter. This is due to the fact that every year the helenium buds are laid higher and higher above the ground. It is necessary to divide helenium because of the rapidly growing bush, it depletes the soil.​

​ - golden yellow inflorescences. ​

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​Altgold​

​Rothout​

​Helenium is native to North America. There are more than 30 species of helenium. Annual and perennial plants.​

Materials on Gelenium

​Perennials delight the eye every year. However, for a flower bed with mixed plants to look harmonious and beautiful, it is not enough to select perennials and plant them nearby. Only a skillfully selected combination of colors can turn a flower bed into a beautiful picture. One of critical roles in the design of a flower garden, the placement of plants according to their growth plays a role....​

Heleniums are light-loving, but tolerate partial shade. They prefer fertile, neutral, cultivated and moist soils. In hot, dry weather, plants need abundant watering. During the summer it is necessary to carry out 2-3 feedings. If plants are not divided for more than 4 years, the rosettes may freeze. It is also necessary to divide helenium because rapidly growing bushes deplete the soil. By shortening some of the stems in June, you can prolong flowering. Faded stems are cut to the ground for the winter. The plant propagates by dividing the bush and seeds. Young heleniums will bloom next year.​

Helenium has a fairly extensive characteristic. This plant is a member of the Asteraceae family and has been in cultivation since 1635. However, the flower was first described in the work of Carl Linnaeus in 1755. All plants of this species can have absolutely different heights bush, and depending on the variety it varies from 30 to 150 cm. The colors are always done in warm colors and can be either one-color, two-color, or even variegated. Leaves are lanceolate-shaped.

Helenium is most widespread in North and Central America. Now in the world there are about 30 species of perennial helenium, the cultivation of which is not particularly difficult.

Did you know?People believe that the plant got its name in honor of the wife of Menelaus- Helen, who became the cause of discord and war between Troy and Greece.

Growing helenium from seeds

Helenium is an excellent solution for those who want to decorate their garden with autumn-colored flowers at a time when most plants have already bloomed (this is especially true when you consider that growing a flower from seeds is a simple method, although it is not particularly popular among gardeners).

The reason for the rather low interest in plant cultivation lies in the fact that when helenium is propagated by seeds, it is lost varietal characteristics , which is often a significant disadvantage. As for the question “When to plant helenium seeds?”, here first of all you should decide how exactly you will grow helenium: by sowing seeds to grow seedlings, or sowing seeds in open ground. When grown by seedlings, the time for sowing seeds is the end of February or the beginning of March, and when sowing seeds in open ground, it is early spring. We will talk further about how to properly propagate helenium by seed.

Sowing seeds for seedlings

Before sowing seeds for seedlings, it is necessary to stratify them. This process lasts from 1 to 1.5 months. You need to sow the seeds into the planting container and moisten the soil, then cover it with film and put it in a cold, dark place (the refrigerator is best for this purpose) for 6 weeks. After a month and a half, the container with the seeds must be moved to a warm place, the temperature of which is kept at +18...+22°C. Seeds should be placed under artificial lighting (a fluorescent lamp would be the best option). When 2-3 true, well-developed leaves appear on the stems, the seedlings can be planted in separate cups.

Important!Transplant seedlings from containersAndnecessary without clearing the root from the ground, in which the plant previously grew.

When planting seedlings in open ground (preferably in May, when the ground has already warmed up), the depth of the planting hole should be two to three times greater than the size earthen coma. Before planting directly, the roots of the plant must be thoroughly wetted and placed at a distance of 25-30 cm from each other. After planting, the beds are mulched with peat or humus.

Growing helenium seedling method will not bring you flowering in the first season, so you should be patient and wait another year for flowers.

Sowing seeds directly into open ground

If you do not have the time or opportunity to germinate seeds for seedling propagation, you can sow helenium directly into open ground. No preliminary work is required for this procedure. special effort. You just need to dig up the planting site and fertilize it a little with humus, manure or tof, making sure to stratify the seeds. It is better to start this procedure in advance, because on average its duration is about a month. When carrying out stratification, the seeds in a separate container are mixed with wet sawdust and left in the refrigerator (or other cold dark place) for a month. After this, the seed material is ready for sowing into the soil.

Did you know?The sooner the seeds are stratified and sown after collection, the higher the quality of seedlings will be.

You need to make grooves, or holes, 3-5 cm deep in the ground and sow seeds in them. The distance between such rows/pits should be at least 25 cm. The sown seeds should be mulched with peat or humus, which will protect the plants from temperature changes and frosts. You will notice the first shoots within 2-3 weeks.

Choosing a place to grow helenium

Helenium has a very decorative appearance and the main task in growing a flower is to preserve it, so planting and caring for this plant must be carried out in compliance with certain rules, the first of which is a good choice of place to plant the flower. To make the helenium feel comfortable, it is better to place it in a warm, well-lit area. However, the plant will not die in shade or partial shade, although the abundance of flowering may decrease.

Combining helenium with other plants

Helenium in landscape design can not only act as an integral part of the composition, but also “single-handedly” decorate your garden. For example, Tall heleniums are excellent for single plantings against the general background of the site. In addition, tall varieties are well suited for decorating fences or creating “living” hedges.
If you grow low-growing varieties, they can be used to decorate borders and garden paths. When breeding tall and short heleniums, they can be combined with roses, chrysanthemums and bells. Together, these flowers will create a wonderful ensemble of grace and simplicity. Low-growing varieties look great in the company of forget-me-nots: a combination of warm and cold shades will add a little mystery to the design.

Did you know?Cut helenium buds do not bloom in water, which is worth considering when decorating.

How to care for helenium in open ground

Caring for helenium does not require much effort or material investment. It is enough to do everything on time, carefully adhering to the basic requirements, and then your flower for a long time will decorate the garden.

Proper watering

The main thing you need to know when growing helenium is that it does not tolerate too dry soil. Therefore, when watering, you should take into account the natural growing conditions of helenium and, in particularly dry times, carry out fairly frequent and abundant watering. However, at the same time, you should not allow water to stagnate in the soil, which will help avoid rotting of the root system.

Timely loosening of the soil will help to avoid stagnation of water in the soil. It is advisable to carry out this procedure immediately after watering, so that oxygen, along with moisture, enters the roots of the plant. The plant also needs weeding, and it should be done 3-4 times per season, because weeds deplete the soil and absorb moisture. To avoid the appearance of a large number weed, every time you loosen the ground, you need to add a layer of mulch under the bush, peat or humus is excellent for the role.

How often and with what to fertilize

Helenium, like any other garden plant, needs additional nutrients.

Fertilizers for helenium need to be applied in 3 stages:

Did you know?You cannot “overfeed” the plant, as this will cause active growth green mass, while flowering will be less abundant.

Pruning inflorescences is necessary not to form a bush, but to improve the quality of flowering. For this purpose, several inflorescences and shoots are cut off, but you should not remove them all. It is enough to cut the inflorescences from the youngest branches. Another trick: if you remove those buds that have already bloomed, then new flowers will form in their place.

Important!If you want to make the bush more branchy, simply pinch off the tops.

How to deal with pests and diseases of helenium

Despite the fact that helenium grows in open ground, it is quite resistant to various kinds diseases and pests. However, the most dangerous for the plant is the chrysanthemum nematode - a disease whose presence is marked by the appearance of brown spots, and over time, hylenium loses its ability to flower. If you notice this problem on one plant, then all heleniums need to be treated. To do this, they are doused with hot (up to +50 °C) water, and the ground around the bush is sprinkled with lime or sulfur.

Another disease that often manifests itself in helenium is rot. To avoid it, you must strictly follow the watering rules, and if the problem already exists, it can be eliminated by loosening the soil and treating the plant with fungicides.

As for insects, they can be easily destroyed by treating the plant with a soap solution (in the early stages) or insecticides (in a massive “attack”).

Important!MainA step in the prevention of diseases and pests is timely weeding, as well as removing fallen leaves from under the bush, because it is in the weeds and fallen leaves that most bacteria and insects live.

When to collect and how to store helenium seeds

If you decide to prepare seeds for propagating helenium by collecting them from your flowers, then you need to do this quite quickly, since during heavy autumn rains they will simply rot. About the degree of readiness seed material Dark reed and tubular flowers will “inform” you for harvesting, which will already be black by the time the seeds are ready. It is best to store seeds in a linen bag, after placing them in a dry place. It is advisable to hang the package as high as possible or place it on a shelf so that mice cannot reach it.

Despite the fact that helenium seeds are easy to find in modern stores, they can be easily collected with your own hands. However, most breeders are inclined towards vegetative methods of flower propagation, because the germination rate of the seeds is quite low, as is the preservation of the “parental” characteristics.

Wintering helenium

So that you can enjoy the flowering of your helenium even after winter, the flower must be properly prepared. Helenium stems are cut so that no more than 10 cm is visible from the ground. The beds on which helenium grows must be mulched with sawdust, peat or humus, laying a layer of mulch of at least 5 cm. If you live in a region with little snow, then you also need to cover the flowers with lutrasil, which, instead of snow, will protect the plant from frost.

Transplanting and dividing helenium bushes

Many gardeners, when growing helenium, are concerned with the question: “When to replant a flower?” This procedure must be performed once every three years, since this is the most acceptable period for the formation of a sufficient number of young shoots and so that the flower buds do not “get out” to the soil surface. Dividing helenium bushes is much easier to carry out than performing a similar task with any other perennial, because as the bush grows, it is itself divided into rosettes. Separating part of it from the mother bush will not be difficult: the plant is dug out of the ground and carefully cleaned of adhering soil, being careful not to damage it. root system. Then, in the places where the bush is divided, a cut is made with a sharp instrument, immediately lubricating the cut area with coal or treating it with a garden decoction, after which the helenium is planted in the ground.

Cultivated species of helenium

Of the currently known 30 species of the described plant, only a few of them are actively grown in gardens, and each has its own advantages. We will talk more about the most popular varieties further.

Helenium bigelovii- occurs less frequently than all others. The homeland of this variety is considered to be the Western part of North America, where the plant reaches up to 80 cm in height. The leaves of this species are lanceolate and entire. The inflorescences are quite large - up to 6 cm in diameter. The tubular flowers are colored brown, and the reed flowers are bright yellow. This variety begins to bloom in June and continues until July.

Helenium is a beautiful and unpretentious perennial plant of the Asteraceae family, native to North and Central America. It looks like a rather lush shrub, ranging from 80 cm to 160-170 cm in height. In fact, the helenium bush consists of several densely growing independent plants. There are more than 30 varieties and types of helenium.

The stems are branching, thin and tall. The leaves are small and sharp. The inflorescences are in the form of a basket, and the flowers themselves are shaped like small daisies. The color of the flowers varies from pale yellow to dark red and brownish. The special charm of helenium flowers lies not only in their bright color, but also in their strong, pleasant aroma.

Helenium does not have perennial roots. In late autumn they die off, along with the flower stalks and stems. A small leaf rosette with a rhizome is formed on the underground part of the stem. From it in the spring a new plant is formed.

Common and popular types and varieties of helenium with photos

Of everything varietal diversity Only 5 species of helenium are grown in cultivated floriculture. They, in turn, are divided into many varieties.

Helenium Gupesa (Heleniumhoopesii) – It is a perennial plant native to the mountainous regions of North America, growing to a height of about 1 meter. The leaves are sharp, lanceolate, gray-green. Peduncles are long. The inflorescences are solitary, the flowers are bright yellow, up to 9 cm in diameter. Blooms in June-July.

Helenium Bigelow (Heleniumbigeiovii) quite a rare plant species. The stems are straight, up to 80 cm high, the leaves are whole and sharp. The inflorescences are tubular, about 6 cm in diameter. The flowers are dark brown with yellow tongues. Flowering time: June-July.

Helenium spring (Heleniumvernalis) has straight tall stems (up to 1 m), green lanceolate leaves and large inflorescences. Flowers with thin orange petals and a brown center. It begins to bloom in May.

Heleniumhibridum) is a species that includes the majority garden varieties and hybrids, as well as forms of helenium of uncertain origin. They are all completely different in size, flower color, and flowering time.

The most common varieties are:

• Gartenzonne (up to 130 cm high, with red- yellow flowers);
• Rotgaut (red-brown flowers, plant height 120 cm);
• Goldklatswerk (orange-brownish flowers, grows up to 100 cm).

Helenium autumnale (Heleniumautumnale) is the most common garden variety. The stems are thin, long (up to 160 cm), the leaves are small, jagged at the edges. The baskets are small, collected in corymbose inflorescences. Flowers with yellow or red petals and a yellow center. Blooms from late July to September. The seeds ripen in October.

Varieties of this species differ in both height and color of flowers.

Popular varieties with yellow petals:

• Solar slide (tall, about 160 cm);
• Magnificum (short, up to 70-80 cm);
• Superboom (height 170-180 cm);
• Katarina (height 140 cm);
• Septemberzonne (up to 160 cm).

Varieties with variegated, red-yellow petals:

• Goldfux (plant height 140 cm);
• Altgold (short, up to 80 cm);
• Altgoldriese (about 110 cm high).

Varieties with red flowers:

• Glutauge (up to 90 cm);
• Di blonde (tall, up to 170-180 cm).

All of them bloom for quite a long time, and go well with many plants in landscape design.

Growing helenium from seeds in open ground

Before planting, the seeds are placed in damp sawdust and refrigerated for two weeks.

Helenium seeds germinate very poorly. But if you follow the planting rules, then growing a plant will not be difficult. You can sow seeds either in seedlings or directly in open ground at the end of autumn. It is worth noting that the seedless planting method is best used only in warm, southern regions. In mid-latitudes, the most reliable growing method is sowing seeds for seedlings.

In order for the seeds to germinate faster, they must be subjected to long-term stratification. To do this, the seeds are mixed with wet sawdust and placed in the refrigerator for 2-3 weeks. After which they can be planted as seedlings. It is better to carry out this procedure at the end of February, and the plant will begin to bloom only after 2-3 years. It is better to buy ready-made soil for planting, with a high peat content. It is well moistened, and the seeds are sown superficially, without deepening. The container with the plantings is covered with glass and placed in a well-lit place. Ventilate periodically and lightly spray with water. When two true leaves appear, the seedlings are planted in separate containers.

How to plant helenium

Grown seedlings are sown in completely warmed soil at the end of May. Choose a site that is well lit, with neutral, fertile soil. Only helenium varieties with yellow flowers can grow in partial shade. Low-growing seedlings should be placed at a distance of at least 35 cm from each other, and tall ones - up to 70-75 cm.

Before planting, the soil is carefully dug up and fertilized with humus or compost. If the soil is heavy, you can add a little sand. The plant is carefully removed from the container and the roots are lowered into water for a few minutes. After which they are planted in a permanent place and watered well. The ground around the plantings is mulched with peat. It is important to remember that for all its unpretentiousness, helenium is very demanding of lighting, moisture and heat.

Gelenium: outdoor care

Gelenium needs to be watered 2 times a week.

Caring for helenium consists of watering, fertilizing, weeding and loosening the soil. This plant loves moisture very much, so watering must be done at least twice a week. In dry and hot weather it is necessary to water daily. After each watering, carefully loosen the soil shallowly. If the soil is acidic, it must be limed before planting.

To get a beautiful and lush bush, formative pruning is carried out. To do this, in mid-June, several side shoots are cut off, and in the spring, the tops of the plant are always pinched. It is important to remember that every three years the bushes must be divided and replanted, otherwise they will quickly age. Tall varieties require garters to stakes.

Fertilizer and feeding

The first feeding is carried out in May. To do this, you can use the following solution:

• 1 tbsp. l. urea;
• 1 tbsp. l. potassium sulfate;
• 1 tbsp. l. ready-made biological fertilizer “Effekton”;
• 10 l. water.

Per sq. m. consume about 4 liters. such a solution.

The second feeding is carried out at the beginning of flowering. In this case, a solution of a liter of slurry, 1 tbsp. l. fertilizer "Agricola-Fantasy" and the same amount of "Agricola-7" per bucket of water.

The third feeding is carried out immediately after flowering, in early October. For fertilizer take 1 tbsp. l. potassium sulfate and superphosphate per 10 l. water.

At the beginning of bud setting, foliar feeding with any growth stimulant helps a lot.

Pests, diseases and what you need to know to avoid their occurrence

If a chrysanthemum nematode appears on the helenium, it is necessary to tear off the infected leaves

Helenium almost does not suffer from diseases or pests. The exception is the chrysanthemum nematode, which damages leaves and flower buds. It can only be dealt with by cutting and burning the affected areas of the plant. To avoid this happening dangerous pest, it is advisable to add a little slaked lime to the soil before planting. To avoid infection with fungal diseases, it is necessary to avoid excessive waterlogging of the soil.

Helenium in combination with other plants

In bouquets, helenium flowers will look great with asters and chrysanthemums. But we must remember that helenium can be cut only after it has completely bloomed. Pre-cut flowers do not bloom in water.

Varieties of autumn helenium coexist well with purple asters, monardas, delphinium, dahlias, sedum and verbena. A flower bed with helenium, marigolds, goldenrod, phlox, heuchera, garden yarrow and saplings will look very beautiful. You can plant any perennials with white flowers nearby.

Helenium in landscape design

Helenium can be used to decorate ponds, fences or households. buildings It masks unevenness and relief defects well. It will look very beautiful in the background of flower beds, next to low ornamental shrubs. You can plant several varieties of helenium on the site at once, with different terms flowering. In this case, you can admire its beauty from the very beginning of spring until late autumn. It will look great against the backdrop of cascading flower beds.

Collected seeds After flowering, helenium is quite difficult to grow, so many people don’t collect them but buy them

To ensure lush and beautiful flowering, faded flowers are removed. When the plant has completely bloomed, you can collect the seeds. It is better not to propagate varietal helenium from seeds. To save everything varietal characteristics, seed material will have to be purchased. But growing a plant from seeds collected with your own hands is very difficult.

How and when to collect seeds

Collect seeds before the onset of prolonged autumn rains so that they do not rot. The first sign that the seeds are ripe is the blackened center of the flower and dark petals. The collected seeds are thoroughly dried in a dark and cool place.

Helenium propagation

The simplest and most effective method of propagation is considered to be dividing the bush. This procedure must be carried out in the spring, in May. To do this, an adult helenium is dug up and several leaf rosettes with roots are carefully separated. The dug plants are placed at a distance of about 30-50 cm from each other. The bush must be divided every 2-3 years.

You can find out more about this in the video below, we wish you pleasant viewing.

Helenium in winter

Helenium's roots are located very close to the surface, which often leads to freezing and death of the plant. Therefore, before the onset of frost, all stems are cut off almost at soil level. After which, the area is sprinkled with a thick layer of sawdust or moss and covered with thick lutrasil.

Simple but interesting flower– helenium – often used to decorate the garden. That is why planting helenium in open ground and its subsequent care is a pressing issue for many gardeners. Multi-colored flowers, similar to daisies, attract attention not only with their bright appearance, but also with a pleasant smell.

A rather voluminous shrub, reaching a height of up to one and a half meters, is actually not a perennial, as many people believe. Simply, on the lower section of the stem, located underground, a leaf bud with a root is formed, from which it grows in the spring new bush. This feature allows you to quickly and easily grow beautiful plant at the dacha or in the garden.

Planting a crop

An ornamental plant can adapt to any conditions, although it prefers straight lines to a greater extent. Sun rays than penumbra. It also presents certain requirements to climatic conditions, so caring for it has some features. Despite this, growing helenium is quite simple.

Planting helenium in open ground can be done in several ways.

• Planting seeds directly into the ground is the most easy way, recommended for use in warm regions. This can be done in spring or late autumn. At the same time, the probability of seedlings appearing is lower than when growing seedlings.
• Planting seeds for seedlings. In order for higher-quality sprouts to appear, it is necessary to subject the seeds to a simple stratification procedure before sowing: one and a half to two months before planting in open ground, sow the seed material in a container with soil, cover with polyethylene and place in a dark, cool place - a cellar, basement, refrigerator. After a month, move the boxes to a room with optimal temperature before sprouts appear. 3 weeks after germination, the seedlings are transplanted to a prepared place in open ground. Caring for seedlings is quite simple: timely watering, as well as providing the optimal amount of light and heat.

Shoots will appear faster if, when growing in seedlings, you use additional lighting devices, because helenium is a light-loving crop that needs a large amount of light for better development.

• Planting of rosettes formed by dividing the bush occurs in the spring. This best option, since there is no need to struggle with seedlings or worry about seed germination. One bush can produce more than 20 independent sprouts with a developed root system. You just need to plant them. You should not carry out this procedure in late autumn, as the new bush will not be prepared for winter conditions and may die.

Helenium needs to be thinned out after two to three years. You should not leave the plant thickened for more than three years, as it will age faster, interfering with the development of young shoots.

Soil preparation

Before planting, you need to prepare the soil: acidic soils be sure to lime. The soil should be well fertilized with humus and minerals. You can add organic and mineral fertilizers in the spring when digging up the soil, or you can prepare the soil in the fall. It is necessary to remove all weeds from the garden bed and dig up the soil well. You can place a layer of humus about 5 cm on top, and then start planting the crop.

It is important to comply optimal scheme planting in open ground, providing a distance between shoots of at least half a meter. This will not only make caring for the flower easier, but will also help better development bush. In addition, due to a long period of not replanting, the root rosettes rise, increasing the likelihood of freezing when winter frosts occur.

Care

Proper care of helenium in open ground is the main source of plant health and beauty. Planting in soil that has an insufficient amount of nutrients requires regular complex mineral fertilizing and the addition of humus or peat. To ensure that the plant does not disappoint with small and dull flowers, it is necessary to strictly follow all growing rules. Caring for a decorative flower is as follows.

• Watering

Since the crop is moisture-loving, it needs to be watered at least twice a week, and if there is a drought or hot weather, you need to moisten the soil every day.

• Loosening

It is advisable to loosen the soil to a shallow depth after each moistening.

• Trimming

They do it to form more lush bush twice: in the spring they pinch off the tops, and around mid-June some of the side shoots are cut off. For greater aesthetics and increased splendor, it is necessary to periodically remove wilted flowers.

• Garter

Tall plants need to be tied when they reach more than half their full length. To do this, you need to drive a peg near the sprout, to which you attach the stem using a rope or thin tape.

• Pest Control

Helenium is practically not affected by diseases or harmful insects. You can only see a nematode on it. You can save sprouts from its invasion by cutting out the affected areas. As a preventive measure, you need to mix a small amount of slaked lime into the ground before planting. To reduce the likelihood of fungal infection, you should try to prevent waterlogging of the soil.

Top dressing

Care includes timely application of fertilizers. Helenium needs potassium-phosphorus supplements most of all. All fertilizers are dissolved in a bucket of water and applied during a certain period of the plant’s growing season.

• Helenium is fed for the first time at the end of spring. You can use a composition for which you take a tablespoon of urea, potassium sulfate and Effekton fertilizer. The composition is enough to treat 2.5-3 m 2 of area.
• Then the plant is fed when buds are set. Here you can use the following composition: a liter of manure liquid and a tablespoon of Agricola-Fantasia and Agricola-7 are dissolved in water. The mixture is distributed over a 3 m 2 area. You can also use foliar feeding any growth stimulant.
• After flowering in the fall, fertilize the crop with a solution of potassium sulfate and superphosphate, taken one tablespoon at a time. This solution should be enough for 2 m2.

In general, planting and caring for crops does not require any complex skills and knowledge. It is important to comply with some fairly simple conditions, and good result It won’t take long to wait: helenium will delight you with lush and large inflorescences from mid-summer to the end of September. Preparation for wintering is also simple: before frost, you need to cut the stems at ground level (they die anyway) and sprinkle the bed with a thick layer of covering material - sawdust, moss, leaves.

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