Fresh strawberries in January or is it possible to grow strawberries at home? Various methods of planting indoors. Growing strawberries at home in winter

Ripe, juicy, amazing delicious strawberries on the table, while a blizzard is blowing outside the window - this true luxury! In the middle of winter, you won’t find fresh berries in every supermarket, and if you can find them, their cost will be prohibitively high.

Create favorable conditions for growing berries

But someone grows delicious strawberries at home on the windowsill; some enterprising gardeners even benefit financially from this activity, turning growing berries at home into profitable business. Growing strawberries at home– myth or reality, accessible to anyone?

Now there are various techniques How to grow strawberries in an apartment of any size. You can effectively use the free space in the house by planting strawberry seedlings in plastic bags filled with substrate, or growing bushes with berries in traditional flower pots and boxes. It all depends on the purpose for which you plan to grow strawberries at home, and how much space you can allocate for this.

Make a choice in favor of remontant strawberry varieties that can bear fruit several times

What do strawberries need for normal ripening? Room temperature, good ventilation and suitable soil. These conditions are easily met, because the apartments are warm at any time of the year (and if there are problems with heating, you can always buy an additional heating device), air circulation can be ensured using a window, a special inexpensive substrate can be purchased in the store. This means that you can also grow strawberries at home if you take into account the most important moments:

• Make a choice in favor of remontant strawberry varieties that can bear fruit several times. The most popular varieties: Yellow Miracle, Queen Elizabeth, Mount Everest.
• When growing strawberries from seeds, purchased seeds should be placed in the refrigerator for 4 weeks, wrapped in a damp cloth and placed in plastic bag– then the hardened seeds, when planted in the ground, will sprout vigorously within a week.
• Prepare a spacious pot for the seedlings with a good layer of drainage, since strawberries like frequent, abundant watering, but they do not tolerate stagnant water.
• It is recommended to plant strawberry seedlings at home in prepared soil either in the fall from August 15 to September 20, or in early spring.
• Since this berry is afraid of the cold, do not keep it on the balcony and protect it from frost.
• From time to time, apply potassium-phosphorus fertilizers, and to form ovaries, treat the plants with a special preparation “Ovary”.

The ideal option for growing homemade strawberries is south-facing, well-lit windows.

The ideal option for growing homemade strawberries is south-facing, well-lit windows. With a lack of sunlight, plant growth may slow down and the taste of the berries may deteriorate. However, you can create artificial lighting for your strawberry plantation using lamps daylight. Strawberries will begin to bloom and bear fruit earlier with long daylight hours, and the quality of the berries will increase significantly. Therefore, if you are concerned about how to grow strawberries at home in the most short terms, provide the plants with continuous daylight for about 14 hours.

Video about strawberries in January

How to pollinate strawberries at home?

Since strawberries at home are deprived of natural pollination, you will have to provide the plants with artificial pollination during the flowering period, which can last several weeks. Produce artificial pollination You can grow flower stalks on strawberries at home in two ways:

• point the fan towards the flower stalks in the morning (under the influence of wind, strawberries are pollinated in open ground);
• pollinate each flower by hand by brushing over them daily with a soft paint brush.

As you can see, growing strawberries at home is accessible even to inexperienced gardeners and does not require significant financial costs. Difficulties can arise only with pollination, especially if you decide to plant extensive berry plantations, because it is not so easy to move a brush over each small flower every day, and with a fan it is difficult to guarantee successful pollination.

Video about how to get strawberries in January

However, don't give up! Try it, plant seedlings, take good care of them - strawberries at home can produce several harvests a year, delighting you and your loved ones ripe berries late autumn and frosty winter.

We are looking forward to the coming of May so that we can enjoy what is perhaps the most delicious berry -

strawberries

It has already become customary for us to receive harvests from spring until late autumn, but sometimes on a cold winter day we really want to taste the sweetness of our favorite berries!

How to grow garden strawberries at home As an option, you can, of course, buy a package of strawberries for the price of gold in the supermarket. But there are very big doubts that this berry will be useful - less doubt is left by the thought of the presence in it of chemicals that our body does not need at all. I suggest another option: grow garden strawberries on the window and give yourself and your children a piece of summer in the middle of winter.

Is it possible to harvest garden strawberries indoors?

In this case, I really like the saying, to which I am often grateful in my life: “If you really want it, you can fly into space.” So, if you really want to, following these recommendations, you can get wonderful sweet berries at any time of the year.

For this you need:

• high-quality live (not frigo!) seedlings of day-neutral varieties (hereinafter referred to as NSD), which we obtain from the first row of canes;
• lamps (preferably phytolamps) for additional illumination of plants;
• place on the windowsill;
• This article.

How to properly “relocate” strawberries from the garden to the house?

Preparing seedlings for home grown in any case, it should be done long before the onset of winter.

Option 1

1. When the garden strawberry bushes form mustaches, fill the container with drainage hole(for example, a disposable glass or soft polyethylene pot) with soil and sand in a 1:1 ratio.
2. We dig it in level with the ground (but so that the edges of the container rise slightly), direct the first rosette into the container, pin it with an ordinary hairpin or wire bent in the shape of a hairpin, and constantly water it. The earth should never dry out, otherwise the plant will quickly die.
3. After 3 weeks when young plant rooted, cut it off from the mother plant and continue watering. At this point, watering is even more important; he must be at least 1 time per day, it is better in the evening, and on hot sunny days you can water it twice - in the morning and in the evening.
4. As soon as buds form on the plant, they must be remove so that the socket gains maximum strength.
5. Cups with seedlings we leave in the ground until the first frost, and as soon as it freezes, we take them out of the ground, fill the resulting holes with earth and lightly compact them.
6. We carefully immerse containers with plants in a slightly pink solution of potassium permanganate for 20 minutes, let the water drain, and bring them into a room with a temperature no higher than +10°C for 2-3 days. Then we bring the sockets into the room and install to the south window.
7. Additional lighting is required, since the length of the day is too short. The plant will need additional lighting from 6-7 am to 19-20 pm, that is, the daylight hours for the plant should be 13-14 hours. For this we use a phytolamp.

Backlight

Option 2

This method is much simpler and less labor-intensive.

1. Before the onset of frost, we dig up rooted young rosettes, remove substandard foliage (that is, leaves that are mechanically damaged, old ones), but so that the plant must have 2-3 real young leaves.

Left: garden strawberry seedling. Right: soaking in potassium permanganate 2. Next, we keep the seedling in a slightly pink solution of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) and plant it in a container with ready-made soil mixture, purchased at a flower shop and mixed with sand in a 2:1 ratio.

Why buy a purchased soil mixture? This is more reliable: garden soil needs to be heated in the oven to destroy pests and pathogens, and the finished soil is sterile (of course, if we talk about high-quality purchased soil).

Planting strawberries 3. When planting, it is very important not to bury the heart (apical bud), which is located in the center of the rosette, since otherwise the plant will simply rot.

Heart 4. We water the seedlings and bring them into the room, but for the first few days we do not place them on a sunny southern window, but place them in more gentle conditions (northern, eastern). After 3-5 days we move to the south. Just like in option 1, we make sure to use additional lighting.

What varieties of strawberries are suitable for growing at home?

The experimental practice that I described earlier in my article showed that the easiest to care for and the most resistant to diseases in indoor conditions are the NSD varieties ‘Albion’ and ‘Aisha’.

Variety ‘Albion’ I talked more about these and other varieties of garden strawberries in this article.

What conditions must be created for plants to grow and bear fruit at home?

1. Lighting

As I already said, we will need a phytolamp for daily supplementary lighting for 13-14 hours a day. If we neglect this point, then a well-leafed plant will grow, but in this case we will not see flowering (and harvest).

Why phytolamp? You can, of course, add additional illumination with an ordinary fluorescent lamp, but in this case the plants will be weaker. Article Choosing a phytolamp for seedlings

2. Temperature

The temperature on the windowsill should not be lower than +20°C. Right on the windowsill, not in the room. If the temperature is not maintained, our plants may weaken and develop fungal diseases.

3. Watering

It is important to choose the watering mode so to earthen lump didn't dry out, but under no circumstances should water stagnate.

4. Mandatory transshipment of plants

25-30 days after “moving” into the house, the plants need to be transplanted into a large container (1 liter capacity), since root system has already developed greatly, and the rosette has become cramped in a small glass. This is what the plant looks like before transplanting:

... and so - after:

Plant transplanted into a large container

5. Artificial pollination of flowers

An important condition for the formation of the ovary and the development of a full-fledged berry is pollination. We produce it manually using an ordinary soft brush.

Pollination If this procedure is neglected or performed insufficiently well, we will get deformed berries:

Berry deformation due to insufficient pollination

Do strawberries need fertilizing?

Like any plant, garden strawberries need nutrition. Under natural conditions, plants obtain it from the ground in which plant debris has rotted. In a room, in a limited volume of soil, strawberries do not have this opportunity, so you should take care of fertilizing mandatory.

1. We apply the first fertilizing (Strawberries or other complex fertilizer for garden strawberries) at half dose(100 grams of solution during watering), when did the first buds appear.
2. We carry out the following feeding after picking the first berries, the same fertilizer in the same dosage.

You should not be embarrassed or worry that the berry will accumulate nitrates or other harmful elements, since this fertilizer will go to the plant itself, and not to the berry.

When can we expect the first harvest?

Experience shows that in winter period under indoor conditions, the period from planting to flowering is 30-35 days, and the first berries ripen 30-35 days from the start of flowering. It turns out that from the moment of planting to the ripening of the berries, an average of about 65 days pass.

First harvest Here are our first berries:

Home harvest of strawberries ‘Albion’

What causes indoor strawberries and how to treat them?

If we followed all the recommended planting rules, and the indoor plants in the house are not affected by pests, then the strawberries are not in danger of being harmed by them. But besides pests, there are no less dangerous fungal diseases - such as powdery mildew, for example.

Why might problems arise? The air in the room during the heating season is dry and warm, and we, knowing that this is harmful to health, begin to increase the humidity. For us this is correct, but for garden strawberries, which are not blown by the wind at home, but are exposed to the cold from window glass, high humidity can cause powdery mildew. This is a white fungal coating on the leaves, stems, and then the berries.

To prevent the disease, you can use the drug Fitosporin, which is safe for humans. We spray the plants with it once a week. Of course, white marks will form on the leaves, but the plant will be reliably protected.

Garden strawberries Growing garden strawberries on the window is not difficult, the main thing is to really want it! Good luck to you and great harvests!

Every second gardener or just a lover of house plants dreams of growing not only a beautiful, but also a useful plant. And almost every housewife would not mind strawberries being such a crop. This is beautiful - flowering plant emits a pleasant aroma, has beautiful view, and you can get healthy and tasty berries for your table all year round.

General concept of remontant strawberries

In order to enjoy delicious berries all year round, you need to know what types and varieties are required for propagation. We have already written in detail about what repairability is earlier.

Homemade strawberries all year round are quite possible if everything is organized correctly.

Experienced gardeners use for similar purposes exclusively remontant varieties, however, you should know which varieties are capable of bearing fruit continuously, and which ones - only two harvests.

Is it possible to grow strawberries on a windowsill?

Remontant crops differ from the usual type not only in that they are able to bear fruit several times during the warm season, but also in the length of daylight hours. Conventional crops, as a rule, are characterized by ripening under short daylight hours, that is, they ripen even in the dark, if the temperature allows.

The strawberries have bloomed on the windowsill, we are waiting for the first berries.

Differences among varieties

Remontant crops are divided into ripening long daylight hours and neutral daylight hours - DSD and NSD.

Repairers of DSD are able to develop and lay buds only in the presence of prolonged lighting - produce crops twice a season. In this case, as a rule, the second harvest is distinguished by larger fruits and a higher overall yield level. However, in this case, this species is not particularly hardy, as a result of which many bushes die after the season - dry out.

NSD repairers are characterized by stronger endurance, fruiting is characterized by continuity and does not depend on the length of daylight hours. If favorable conditions are created, they are capable of producing a high level of yield for about ten months in a row. If grown at room temperature, with sufficient light provided, they are also not affected by weather conditions and climate.

Classification of varieties

If you decide to grow strawberries on a windowsill, you should ask the store what type of seedlings they are and what they are called.

Decorative strawberry variety "Tristan".

Large-fruited strawberry "Brighton".

Remontant early ripening variety "Roman".

The main popular names of NSD repairmen:

• Queen Elizabeth;
• Queen Elizabeth II;
• Roman F1;
• Tristar;
• Brighton.

Queen Elizabeth

Periodic yield.

It is believed that Queen Elizabeth is a long-day ripening species, however, many gardeners still prefer to grow it indoors due to the large size of the berries and high taste characteristics.

The main advantages of the variety:

• ease of care;
• large whisker formation for breeding;
• size of berries – 50 grams;
• beautiful flower stalks - a nice decoration on the window;
• pleasant aroma;
• long-term storage in fresh and processed form.

In most cases, the first Elizabeth is grown in the house by those owners who are satisfied with this period of strawberry productivity due to busyness. Other varieties - prominent representatives of their type, are distinguished by regular fruiting, pleasant aroma, beautiful peduncles, high level endurance.

Rules for planting strawberries at home

When choosing a variety, it should be taken into account that the plant will live in the selected container for about three years, since frequent replanting is harmful to the crop - it reduces immunity and productivity, and lengthens the adaptation period.

In order not to replant strawberries again, you need to immediately choose a larger pot.

In addition, adult seedlings may well die due to the fact that they are not able to adapt to new conditions as much as possible.

For one bush you can use a container with a volume of no more than three liters. The flowerpot should be wide and medium in height - at least twenty centimeters. You can use balcony boxes for group planting. Depending on the size of the box, the number of seedlings is calculated. If the approximate volume of the container is from ten to fifteen liters - four bushes, the distance between them is twenty-five centimeters.

Preparing the container

The container for seedlings must be properly prepared.

Drainage holes in the bottom of the pot.

Expanded clay or pebbles at the bottom of the container.

Loose and nutritious soil.

• Holes should be cut at the bottom of the pot or box to drain excess water, and the bottom of the container should be filled with a drainage mixture - expanded clay, pebbles, broken bricks or pebbles.
• As a substrate, you can use a universal ready-made mixture from the store, which is used for indoor plants.
• But it is also permissible to use a mixture prepared independently - forest soil, humus, humus, peat, sand.
• The dose is selected at the rate of two parts to one part.

Planting a seedling

We soak the rhizome in potassium permanganate.

Place the seedling in a pot.

Add fertile soil.

Checking the location of the heart.

Feeding

Fertilizing is applied several times throughout the entire active period - before flowering, during flowering, during fruiting.

• It is recommended to feed approximately once every fourteen days..
• The frequency and amount of fertilizing will depend on the condition of the seedlings, stage of development, and time of year.

It should be remembered that there is a so-called “dead period” when the plant rests - does not bloom, does not bear fruit, and does not throw out shoots. At this time, all functions of the culture freeze - the plant thus rests - no fertilizing or fertilizing should be applied. Can be used monofertilizer, or perhaps a complex consisting of several substances.

Growing algorithm

Planting usually begins in July.

Approximately in the second week after transplanting the seedlings, new leaves should appear.

This is due to the adaptation period - so that the seedlings can adapt by winter and show results in the spring. Planted in a large pot, it can be placed on the balcony, on the sunny side - on the south or south-east side of the balcony.

The appearance of the results - the first additional leaves - is expected on the eleventh day. If young leaves appear, the plant is firmly rooted and established. At the same time, the old leaves gradually die and fall off. On the thirtieth day, you can expect the emergence of the first peduncles, which should be removed so that the second flowering will bring better results.

Peduncles

Approximately the thirty-seventh day - flower stalks open.

The first flowers appear on bushes planted more than a month ago.

First, several openings appear - approximately from two to four inflorescences. The duration of flowering varies within three days, then the petals fall off and the first fruits set.

The conditional end of flowering, if the strawberry belongs to the period of long daylight ripening, occurs approximately on the fifty-second day after planting.

We help flowers pollinate.

First berries

At the same time, the first berries have increased in size, and the flower stalks bloom and fade in turn.

It is necessary to monitor the stems due to the fact that the first berries are extremely large - the stems can break.

To prevent this phenomenon, you can place a fabric roller or foam rubber under the stems. And you should also remember about systematic watering as needed. The first sampling of ripened berries usually occurs on the sixty-first day, if all measures of correct agricultural technology are followed.

Deformed berries appear when the peduncles are insufficiently pollinated.

Fruiting all year round

For winter fruiting, strawberries need additional lighting, which will increase the length of the day to approximately twelve hours.

Additional lighting for homemade strawberries.

Temperature conditions are maintained at twenty degrees Celsius. If for indoor growing If the DSD variety is used, it is worth remembering that the duration of active productivity of this species is two or three years.

If you decide to grow NSD remontants, you need to be prepared for the fact that a decline in productivity may occur within a year, and then you will need to replant and breed young seedlings.

Video on how to plant strawberries from seeds at home

Everyone knows the berry strawberry; growing this juicy, sweet and aromatic berry at home will allow you to enjoy its taste almost all year round. When deciding how to grow strawberries from seeds at home, they usually do it from seeds, since it is not always possible to find seedlings.

What you need to grow strawberries at home

Growing strawberries on a windowsill is a task that any person can do, while some people not only eat these berries themselves in winter, but also derive financial benefits from this activity. Let's look at what it means to grow strawberries at home. And is it really possible to do this in an apartment?

Modern technologies already allow you to grow strawberries at home and you can do this all year round, and you don’t necessarily need to have personal plot, this can be done in any apartment, so fresh strawberries on the windowsill is a reality that anyone can bring to life.

Strawberries can be grown at home, for example, in plastic bags, which are filled with substrate, but if you do not have enough space for this, then growing strawberries at home all year round can be done in ordinary flower pots that are placed on the windowsill. Everything will depend on the purpose for which you are growing strawberries at home: are you doing it just for yourself or want to make it your business? Much will also depend on how much space you can allocate for strawberries to grow in your apartment.

To increase the space, you can not only grow strawberries in the apartment, but also on the balcony, so you can get significantly more harvest. If strawberries are grown at home on the balcony in winter, then it must be heated, so they can be grown all year round.

What conditions must be created for favorable growth?

When deciding how to grow strawberries at home, you need to create certain conditions for them:

• suitable soil,
• temperature,
• air humidity.

If you are growing strawberries at home, then creating such conditions in your apartment is not difficult. There are usually no problems with heating in an apartment, if there is not enough heat, you can buy a heater, there will be no problems with lighting either, and the substrate can be made yourself or bought ready-made, it is not difficult to ensure air circulation, so growing strawberries on a windowsill is quite an achievable task.

When deciding how to grow strawberries at home in order to get good harvests, the following conditions must be observed:

1. It is necessary to choose remontant varieties, as they bear fruit several times a year, and you can get good strawberry harvests at home.
2. If you decide to grow strawberries from seeds at home, then before planting they need to be kept in the refrigerator for a month. The seeds are placed in a damp cloth and then in a bag. Seeds hardened in this way will produce vigorous strawberry shoots at home within a week after planting.
3. The pot in which the seedlings are planted must be spacious and contain good drainage. Strawberries at home, as well as in natural conditions, love good watering, but do not tolerate stagnant moisture.
4. If you are growing strawberries at home, and do it on an unheated balcony, then keep in mind that they are afraid of the cold and must be protected from it.
5. In order for strawberries to produce good yields at home, they must be periodically fed with potassium-phosphorus fertilizers, and in order for the ovary to form, they must be treated with special preparations, for example Ovary or similar.

If you have just started looking for the answer to the question of how to grow strawberries at home, then keep in mind that it is best to do this on windows that face south. It will be here maximum amount light and heat, so strawberries at home will grow and bear fruit normally.

If you grow this plant in winter, then natural light will not be enough, so strawberries at home should be additionally illuminated using fluorescent lamps. In order for strawberries to develop normally and the berries to be sweet and juicy, the daylight hours should be about 14 hours.

Growing seedlings from seeds

Strawberries at home are usually grown from seeds, and there is no difference in growing strawberries or wild strawberries. Typically, growing strawberries from seeds is carried out in small containers; it is convenient when they have a lid. If sown in containers, then after a while the seedlings are planted and transplanted into separate containers, but you can immediately plant them in separate containers or peat tablets.

If you decide to grow strawberries for seedlings and do not want to highlight them additionally, then this should be done no earlier than March. If you want to have strawberries at home earlier, then you can sow the seeds in January-February, but to prevent the seedlings from dying, you need to organize additional lighting for them.

Remontant varieties have better germination, while large-fruited varieties have worse germination.

To speed up the germination of seeds, they need to be soaked, To do this, place the seeds on a cotton pad, moisten it with water and cover it with another disc, everything is placed in a transparent container, the lid of which should have holes. The container is placed in a warm place for 2 days, and then in the refrigerator for 2 weeks. You need to make sure that the tampons do not dry out.

Before planting strawberries, you need to properly prepare the soil for them, which should be light and crumbly. You can take soil from the garden and add sand to it; forest soil is better suited. Young strawberry shoots are very vulnerable, and to protect them from the development of diseases, the soil is heated in the oven for 20-30 minutes.

You cannot plant in such soil right away; it must stand for 2-3 weeks for beneficial bacteria to appear in it.

How to grow strawberries at home (video)

Different sowing methods

Strawberries can be grown at home in several ways.

Can be sown in a container To do this, fill it with prepared soil, moisten it well and carefully lay out the seeds taken from the refrigerator on the surface. It is enough to press them a little, there is no need to cover them with soil, they germinate well anyway.

Cover the container with a lid and place it in a warm place, but not in bright light. In order not to disturb the microclimate, you should not lift the lid often. When the seedlings have three leaves, they must be picked and planted in separate cups, the size of which must be at least 5x5 cm.

Be sure to provide good drainage so that moisture does not stagnate in the cups. Seedlings cannot be planted deep; the heart with leaves should be above the soil.

You can use the option when the seeds are sown in peat tablets, but it is better to plant sprouted seeds in them. In order for them to germinate, after you take the seeds out of the refrigerator, put them in a warm place and wait until the sprouts appear.

The tablets are placed in a tray with water to absorb it, and then the sprouted seeds are placed in small depressions. Now everything is covered with film and placed in a damp and warm place.

Regardless of the method of growing seedlings, after germination they do not need to be immediately exposed to light; it is necessary to open the lid gradually so that they get used to the new conditions.

If you plan to plant seedlings in open ground, then in April you need to start hardening them, for this they are taken out to open air. Seedlings can be planted in open soil only at the end of May - beginning of June, when there is no longer any danger of night frosts.

To make the bush powerful and healthy, it is recommended to pick off the first flowers, this will allow it to take root normally, grow leaves and next year you will get good harvest.

How to pollinate strawberries at home

If you decide to grow strawberries in an apartment, then keep in mind that there are no conditions for natural pollination, so during flowering, and this period lasts about 2 weeks, you will need to artificially pollinate the plants. At home this can be done as follows: Every morning a fan is directed at the flowers, and pollination will occur with the help of air, as happens in open ground, but this method is not very effective. You can take a small brush and pollinate each flower separately, this way the probability of pollination is higher and you can get good harvests. Brush pollination is suitable for small plantations.

As you can see, there is nothing difficult about growing strawberries in an apartment; even novice gardeners can do it. If a woman grows strawberries at home, then she will not only be able to feed the whole family with this sweet and healthy berry, but will also get a lot of pleasure from doing her favorite thing.

Proper planting of strawberries (video)

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Easy pear and nut muffins - sweet, juicy and delicious! The birthplace of muffins is considered to be Great Britain and America. In England, such muffins are made from rich yeast dough, in America from buttery yeast-free dough, which is loosened with baking soda or baking powder, or both at the same time. The basic muffin recipe looks something like this: 200 g flour, 200 ml milk or kefir, 100 g eggs, 100 g butter, baking powder and soda.

What does it take to get a good potato harvest? Many gardeners will say - good seed material, fertile soil, timely watering and fertilizing. But there is one negative factor that can significantly reduce the potato yield, despite the fulfillment of the above conditions - weeds. On plantations overgrown with weeds, it is not possible to obtain a rich potato harvest, and repeated weeding is one of the most labor-intensive procedures in caring for the crop.

Some of the summer residents are lucky and they acquire an estate with several mature spreading trees that create shade and cozy corners. But our new dacha had virtually no such plantings. And the half-empty area behind the chain-link mesh turned out to be completely open to prying eyes. That's why this interesting design arose, which meets the specific requirements of our family. I think our experience in constructing multifunctional plant supports will be interesting to you too.

Today we will talk about the annual variety “Amore Mio”. In 2016, petunia "Amore Mio Orange" received gold medal international association of breeders, sellers and producers of flower crops. The plant grows up to 25 cm in height. Bush appearance resembles a ball that is densely strewn with bright fragrant flowers up to 6 cm in diameter. Does not set seeds. Petunia "Amore Mio" is used for vertical and horizontal gardening.

Juicy and aromatic strawberries during fruiting become the main decoration of the garden plot, but they are a rather demanding plant.

There are three ways to breed this crop

• in open ground;
• in specialized greenhouses;
• in PVC pipes.

The article will discuss in detail the first type - growing strawberries in open ground. The landing procedure itself is simple, but to obtain bountiful harvest you need to be able to choose suitable seedlings, prepare the soil, and also provide proper care in the form of fertilizer, watering and several treatments per season.

Strawberry varieties

When choosing varieties of the crop in question that are suitable for cultivation in open ground, it is recommended to pay attention to a number of distinctive features. These include: the crop’s susceptibility to regional climatic conditions, resistance to pests and diseases, as well as individual fruit ripening times, their size and taste characteristics.

Victoria

The appropriate type of fruit requires well-lit areas, as well as a complete absence of wind in the garden. The soil should be soft, without swampy areas. Appropriate place for fruitful planting of strawberries in the country - a bed along the fence. It is recommended to plant “Victoria” in rows, leaving 20 centimeters between bushes and 45 cm between rows. Water at least once every five days, more often in severe drought.

Everest

The Everest berry variety, intended for cultivation in open ground, was created by crossing two other species - Evita and Irvine. The result is a day-neutral variety. You can plant them either in a checkerboard pattern or in rows. It is imperative to take into account that the corresponding strawberry variety belongs to the spreading variety, therefore the distance between the bushes must be at least 30 centimeters. However, Everest can only be planted in one place for 3 seasons in a row. It should also be remembered that this crop cannot be fertilized during the period when it begins to actively bear fruit.

Queen Elizabeth

Strawberry "Queen Elizabeth" is considered a suitable variety that is ideal for growing in open ground in Russia, taking into account the difficult climatic conditions of the state. To obtain a juicy berry with aromatic pulp, you need to ensure that the root system is supplied with a sufficient amount of oxygen, and you will also need to regularly loosen the soil near the roots.

Benefits of the Queen Elizabeth garden berry:

• earlier fruiting;
• long harvest period;
• quickly takes root in a new place;
• large berries;
• resistant to diseases and pests;
• frost-resistant strawberry variety;
• high yield;
• juicy taste characteristics of berries.

Symphony

The corresponding seedlings belong to the “industrial variety” category, which implies easy transportability, as well as the ability to harvest several days in a row without spoiling the berries on the bushes. The main advantage of the Symphony strawberry is that the berry tolerates not only hot weather, but also drought and no less well adapted to long and cold winters. To achieve a high yield, the distance between the beds must be at least 40 cm. In the first year, it is recommended to pick off the flowers during flowering and prevent the setting of berries.

Garden berries "Rusanovka" are identical in size, have a conical shape, bright red color with shine. Distinctive feature- not only juiciness, sweet taste, but also a strongly pronounced strawberry aroma. Extremely effective in resisting root disease and deciduous system. However, in rare cases, chlorosis occurs due to malnutrition. Due to the fact that this berry, suitable for growing in open ground, is considered the most transportable, so it is ideal for trade and further processing.

In nature, there are other varieties of strawberries (Clery, Pineapple, Dzhema, Sultan) suitable for growing in open ground in Russia. However, due to various circumstances, they are considered less in demand.

Choosing a landing site

Most favorable place for planting strawberries there will be the southwestern part of the bed, located on a small hill, well lit by the sun, with groundwater running no more than 80 centimeters from the surface. In cases of high groundwater levels, it is recommended to drain the soil for planting strawberries with broken bricks or pebbles. In the appropriate area, the harvest will ripen faster, the berries will be sweeter, and the bushes will grow more abundantly.

Preparing a place for planting strawberries is carried out as follows:

1. Thoroughly clear the bed of unwanted vegetation;
2. Scatter pork, cow, and horse humus evenly over the entire area. For one square meter It is recommended to scatter 10-12 kg of area. If the above fertilizers are not available, it is possible to replace them with purchased granulated chicken manure. Also acceptable alternative option Compost made from plant residues is considered;
3. The next step is to disperse the furnace ash over the surface, which will subsequently be an additional source of potassium, phosphorus and other valuable minerals. The function of ash is to balance acidity and also helps eliminate pests overwintering in the soil. The proportion of the corresponding miner should be within 1 kg/per square meter;
4. Next, you need to scatter superphosphate, about 50 grams per square meter;
5. Then everything is carefully dug up, but without subsequent harrowing;
6. After winter the bed will sag and it will be possible to plant various varieties strawberries

When planting at home, you should pay special attention to the choice of soil. The soil must contain the addition wood ash, with a total acidity number of 5.7 - 6.2. It is advisable to choose black soil, since fertile peat soil is not suitable for strawberries.

The right time

The correct time for planting strawberries in open ground determines the size and quality of the first harvest. The most suitable periods for planting seedlings are spring, the second half of summer and autumn.

Peculiarities spring planting. The timing that determines when it is best to plant strawberries in open ground directly depends on the growing region and climatic conditions. The earlier the planting is done, the richer and larger the harvest will be. next year. One of the main disadvantages of spring planting is the shortage of planting material.

The best time to grow strawberries is summer period.

To determine the best time for planting, you should be guided by the whiskers. The appearance of first- and second-order mustaches indicates a favorable time for seating. In the remaining time, the strawberry bushes form a powerful root system, thereby preparing for the winter season. If the deadlines are met correctly, the first year's harvest should be 100-150 g of berries per bush.

Features of autumn planting. It is considered the most unfavorable and worst in terms of obtaining berries for the next harvest year. This is due to the fact that the strawberry bushes will be able to take root, but will go into the winter poorly prepared. Accordingly, few flower buds will be laid, the harvest will be scanty (20 - 30 g). Autumn planting strawberries in the country is beneficial when you need to get greatest number mustache for next year.

Planting stages

As already noted in the previous subparagraph, the most suitable time for growing strawberries in open ground is the summer. It is preferable to plant in the evening or in cloudy weather.

Stages of planting strawberries in open ground:

1. Carefully inspect the seedling before purchasing, namely, the color of the leaves, roots and rosette;
2. In pre-prepared soil, dig holes at a distance of at least 50 centimeters from each other;
3. Seedling bushes must be placed in the appropriate holes so that the root collar remains at ground level and the roots are located vertically;
4. Carefully pour soil into the holes with seedlings and compact it lightly. Water one liter of water per bush;
5. After watering is completed, you will need to cover the soil around the strawberry bushes with straw. This step is necessary so that in the future the emerging berries do not come into contact with the ground, thereby protecting themselves from pollution, disease and rotting.

Video instruction

The provided video material will help you clearly see and understand the stages of planting strawberries in open ground.

For a good and rich harvest, it is recommended to process all peduncles in the first year of berry growth. Therefore, it is better not to get a harvest in the first year, but to give the seedlings the opportunity to take root and grow well.

Fertilizers and watering

In the south of Russia, with a short spring, hot summer, and little snow in winter, the frequency of watering is much higher than in a temperate climate with large quantities natural precipitation. Dynamic growth, flowering, and fruiting of strawberries require abundant watering and simultaneous application of fertilizer.

The frequency of watering strawberries in the countryside in open ground depends on:

• Climatic features of the region, season, presence of rain;
• Type of soil in the garden bed;
• Vegetative stage - planting, flowering, fruiting, dormancy period.

Caring for garden berries in open ground depends on whether they bloom or not at the time of planting. In order for the berries to be large, the bushes must be watered abundantly. For comfort, a special sprinkler system is installed. If strawberries are planted in open ground, drip irrigation seedlings are not suitable. Immediately after planting the berries, the soil should be thoroughly watered and sprinkled with humus. This helps retain water in the soil.

Important role The first few weeks play a role in the development of seedlings, which need to be watered every day. Thanks to this, the strawberries will take root faster. 15-20 days after planting, watering should be reduced to once every 2-3 days. The water temperature should be above 15 degrees, otherwise the berries will not be resistant to diseases, and their frost resistance will also decrease.

The main fertilizer when planting strawberries in open ground is humus, which was used to fill the holes.

However, additional feeding is also necessary:

• The first is carried out after the snow has thawed. Next, the beds are fed with complex fertilizers that contain microelements.
• The second stage of fertilizing a bed of strawberries is carried out before flowering: two tablespoons of nitrophoska and one teaspoon of potassium sulfate are diluted in 10 liters of water.
• The stage of the third feeding occurs during the period of active flowering. It is recommended to use mullein diluted 1:8 with half a glass of ash added to a bucket of solution.
• The last, fourth, is done no later than mid-August, which effectively stimulates flower buds for the harvest of the next season. Dilute two tablespoons of complex fertilizer and one glass of wood ash in 10 liters of water.

Pest and disease control

All varieties of strawberries suitable for growing in open ground have many pests. The most dangerous is the strawberry transparent mite, which causes serious damage to the leaves. They curl and become a yellowish-oily color. After this, the bush sharply becomes smaller and becomes dwarf, subsequently degenerating.

An effective way to combat strawberry mites is spraying with karbofos. Three tablespoons are stirred in 10 liters of water, the temperature of which should be about 30 degrees. Subsequent treatment is carried out immediately after harvest by spraying or sprinkling. After which the bed should be covered tightly. This processing It also helps in the fight against other pests, for example, against weevils, whiteflies or strawberry beetles.

Slugs, millipedes and snails can cause significant damage when planting strawberries. In the best way To combat the corresponding pests, granular metaldehyde is used. The granules are evenly laid out in places where pests are most concentrated after harvesting in the following ratio: 5 grams per square meter. It is allowed to use lime in a mixture with tobacco dust (1:1). This solution is sprinkled on the soil around the beds. Crawling over the barrier, pests get burned and this repels them.

Basic rules for protection against diseases and pests:

• Buy high-grade strawberries that are resistant to harmful pests and diseases;
• Follow the planting date recommendations for your region;
• Follow the rules of crop rotation.

Harvesting

Each strawberry variety intended for cultivation in open ground has its own ripening period. Therefore, if on home garden If several species are planted at once, the collection for each will be individual. In order not to miss the best time to harvest, you should monitor the condition of the ripening berries.

The level of ripeness is determined by the color of the strawberries:

• the berry should be red on all sides, without any green tint;
• when pressed, the fruit should be elastic, but not hard.

In order for the berry to remain a bright red color for as long as possible, it is harvested with the stalk. For a more precise and accurate cut, scissors are used. Garden strawberries are cut with a small tail, this has a positive effect on the shelf life of the crop.

As a rule, strawberries grown in open ground are placed in flat containers made of wood or cardboard. It is better not to use buckets and cans, as they are not ventilated, and meanwhile the strawberries are crushed and release juice. garden berry overly prone to damage. In this regard, small debris in the form of sand and earth stuck to it is cleaned with small brushes.

After all the bushes have fruited, they need proper restoration. Since the plants continue to be depleted due to the runners and old leaves beaten by rain or hail. Therefore, in a garden bed in the second or third year, they will need to be removed with pruning shears. If you carry out the procedure immediately after harvesting, then the young bushes will have enough time to:

• have time to increase green mass;
• get enough nutrients;
• go into winter with a good reserve of strength for the future harvest.

It is also necessary to stop unnecessary outlets that have managed to take root.

After everything unnecessary has been removed from the beds - leaves, tendrils, weeds, soil - it is necessary to disinfect copper sulfate and diluted 1:1 with potassium permanganate. The color of the solution should be bright purple. However, this must be done, trying not to get on the strawberry bushes. After treatment, it is recommended to lightly water the bed with clean water from a watering can with a sprayer.

In areas with harsh climatic conditions, the final stage is preparing strawberries for winter. If the temperature drops below 20 degrees Celsius, the rhizome begins to freeze, as a result of which it dies. Before frost, strawberry bushes in the country should be covered with pine branches or dry straw, and the cover should be removed in the spring after the first warming.

Strawberries are considered one of the most delicious and at the same time easy to grow berries. The fruits consist of tender, juicy pulp with a delicious aroma and taste.

Strawberries are very nutritious and contain valuable chemical substances: organic acids, dyes, tannins, calcium salts, iron metals, a lot of sugar, phosphorus, vitamins A, B, C.

Strawberries are a perennial plant, occupying a niche between shrubby and herbaceous forms. It has three types of shoots: shortened stems, tendrils, and peduncles. It is easy to grow it in any area, following only a few rules. We will talk about how to properly grow strawberries in this article.

How to properly grow strawberries on the plot?

Where to plant strawberries? Choosing a place

It is better to plant strawberries in flat, irrigated areas, protected from the wind, where there are no perennial weeds. You can plant bushes between gooseberries or currants. In the garden with big trees It is better not to plant strawberries, they will not bear fruit well in the shade, and when spraying trees, they may be exposed to dangerous pesticides.

Strawberries are unpretentious and can grow on any soil, but still, they produce the greatest yield on light soils rich in humus. It bears fruit poorly on saline soils, limestone soils, and with close groundwater.

The highest yield of strawberries is observed in the first year, which is why, when taking several harvests, strawberries need to be alternated with other crops. Doing so better time at 3 or 4 years old.

It is very important to prepare the soil well before planting. The richer she will be nutrients, the more powerful the root system will be, therefore, the more productive the fruiting will be.

To successfully grow strawberries, the soil must be prepared a month before planting. Dig to a depth of 30 cm. For planting in spring, prepare the soil in the fall. For 1 sq.m. up to 8 kg of compost, about 100 g of superphosphate, 30 g of potassium salt are added. Loosen and level the soil.

How to plant strawberries correctly?

Strawberries can be planted from spring to autumn, but best time for planting bushes - late summer, early autumn. The bushes must have time to take root and get stronger in order to withstand the winter.

Choosing planting material, give preference to plants with a well-formed rosette, with 3-4 leaves, in the center the growth bud should be undamaged, dense, green. Roots up to 6 cm long should not be overdried and have a good lobe.

There are several ways to plant strawberries. It is better to plant simple strawberries in rows. On the prepared plantation, rows should be marked at a distance of 50 cm from each other. In each row, prepare shallow holes, between which there should be 20 to 30 cm, and fill them with water.

Two tendrils can be planted in one hole. Before planting, trim the roots to 4 cm so that they do not bend in the ground. Sprinkle the bushes with soil and press down. Further, little secret, pull each bush up a little by the leaves, this must be done so that the heart (rosette) is cleared of soil and does not rot in the future.

After planting, it is important to water the strawberries properly. You need to water around the bush and make sure that water does not get into the center. Before the seedlings take root firmly, you need to water the strawberries both in the morning and in the evening.

Some gardeners use black film when growing strawberries. The soil warms up well under it, the tendrils do not take root, there are no weeds, and the soil remains loose and moist. At the same time, the berries are always clean and dry.

Continuing the topic of planting strawberries, we would like to offer you a training video on how to plant strawberries correctly.

Strawberry propagation

Continuing the topic of how to grow strawberries, it is important to address the issue of their propagation. Strawberries are propagated in several ways: by dividing bushes, seeds or seedlings from runners.

• To obtain the latest high-yielding varieties for growing remontant strawberries without whiskers, seeds are used.
• Varieties that do not have runner growth are propagated by seedlings obtained by dividing the bush. The bush is dug out of the ground, divided into bunches with roots, which are then planted.

The main method of propagation, the fastest and most reliable, is seedlings from mustaches. Ready rooted shoots are dug up, separated from the mother plant, roots are trimmed to 6-7 cm, excess leaves are trimmed, leaving 3-4 leaves.

The seedlings must have a well-developed bud (core) and an expanded root system. The dug up seedlings are temporarily lowered into an earthen mash so that the roots do not dry out. It is better to plant it on the same day.

How to care for strawberries?

Soil for strawberries and fertilizers

In early spring, it is necessary to clear the strawberry plantation with a rake. All dry leaves, dead tendrils, and dried bushes are raked out; they are carriers of pests and diseases.

After this, the soil needs to be well fertilized mineral fertilizers, add humus and loosen well. Throughout the growing season, the soil should be free of weeds, always loosened and well, but moderately, watered. When the ovaries begin to form, the soil should be moist, the yield will depend on this.

For 1 sq.m. up to 30 liters of water are consumed, after each harvest, refreshing watering is carried out - up to 10 liters per 1 sq. m.

Mulching strawberries

When ovaries begin to form, it is recommended to stop loosening the soil and mulch. Best material for this purpose - rye or wheat straw. To prevent the weed seeds and grains in it from sprouting, the material must be prepared in advance: shake the straw, moisten it with water and leave it in the sun, the seeds will germinate.

After the straw has dried well, you can use it as mulch. Hay that is mowed before seeds form in the grass is suitable for the same purposes.

On the market you can buy black covering material “Agril” specifically for mulching.

Mulching the soil allows you to grow large and sweet strawberries: retain moisture, prevent the growth of weeds, help ripened berries not to rot, better color, stay dry, and make them easier to pick.

If strawberries are watered by rain, mulching is carried out to a thickness of up to 7 cm in a continuous layer. When watering along furrows, mulching is carried out only under the bushes, leaving row spacing for watering.

After fruiting ends, all the straw, and along with it dry shoots and leaves, are raked and burned. At the same time, all pests and outbreaks of diseases are destroyed.

Further watering and fertilizing strawberries

After fruiting is completed, the plant begins to grow new roots, tendrils, and leaves. At this time, you need to feed the bushes with organic and mineral fertilizers, water and loosen the soil. This will ensure normal growth of new shoots. For 1 sq.m. up to 3 kg of humus, up to 30 g of superphosphates, up to 15 g of nitrate, 20 g of potassium salt are added.

In summer, the soil should be kept loose, moderately moist, and free from weeds. This will allow future flower buds to form correctly.

It is worth noting, however, that excessive nutrition can affect excessive growth of the vegetative mass, this can lead to stretching, thickening of plants, and the formation of gray rot. So irrigation and fertilization during this period should be optimal.

Freezing - how to preserve strawberries?

During the flowering of strawberries in the middle regions of Russia, frosts are often observed. How to protect against them future harvest? To combat frost, smoke heaps are made around the strawberry plot; they should not burn much, but emit a lot of smoke.

How to make a smoke pile correctly? A stake is driven into the ground, around which dry combustible material (needles, straw, brushwood, shavings) is laid down. On top of it is straw manure, tops, and raw leaves. All this is covered with a layer of earth up to 6 cm.

If the soil temperature drops to zero, the stake is removed from the pile and a torch is inserted in its place. The smoking should continue for two hours after sunrise.

Strawberry flowers can be protected by sprinkling; it begins before the temperature drops, and continues after sunrise until all the ice is gone from the plants.

Is it possible to grow strawberries all year round?

Is it possible to grow strawberries not only in spring-summer period, but also in winter, autumn, that is, all year round? This question interests many amateur gardeners. Yes, you can grow strawberries throughout the year, not only in greenhouses, but even in an apartment. For this purpose, special remontant varieties of strawberries were bred.

These strawberries do not like multiple transplants, so you need to immediately select a convenient container for growing them. It will grow and overwinter in it. Most unpretentious variety remontant strawberry is called "Elizabeth II".

Each individual plant will need 3 liters of soil. If the strawberries will be planted in a pot or jar, choose a larger container. In boxes and containers, bushes should grow from each other at a distance of up to 20 cm. A popular method of growing is in bags, in in this case It is possible to harvest more than five harvests a year.

The main condition for growing a remontant variety is good lighting; fluorescent lamps are used for this. It is also necessary to ensure comfortable temperature and ventilation. A balcony or heated greenhouse is best.

How to grow strawberry seeds?

Strawberry seeds can be grown and planted both in the garden and in pots.
This is not difficult to do if you follow the following rules.

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