Wooden structures made from natural material. This favorable environment for the life of organisms, especially when placed outdoors. Therefore, wood products require careful treatment against destruction caused by fungi (mold), bacteria (rotting), and insects (mechanical destruction). And impregnation in the room is not superfluous. For example, in the kitchen there is enough high humidity, which destroys wood. Oil - effective method to combat external influences on the tree.
Owners of private wooden houses know that the main property oil impregnation– increasing the service life of walls, giving them strength. Besides, any oil is a natural antiseptic to a greater or lesser extent. It kills bacteria on the surface, making it cleaner and more elastic.
The market is observing big choice wood impregnation oils. They can be divided into two large groups– mineral and natural. Let's take a closer look at them.
Mineral
They gained great popularity not so long ago due to active scientific and technological development. Then it became possible to create mineral oil with the required characteristics. About 50 years ago, transformer oil began to be used for wood processing. Of course, this is not its direct purpose. The result proved the opposite, which brought sales of transformer oil to new level. With its help, it is possible to prevent putrefaction of the tree, maintaining its original appearance. Undoubtedly, the production of this product violates environmental standards. Therefore everything more businesses give preference to natural oils or at least combine them with mineral ones.
Natural
Natural oils appeared much earlier than mineral oils. It took time to realize their advantages in wood processing. The spread of natural oils has been hampered high cost raw materials. However modern methods production is addressing this issue.
Their key advantage is their plant origin. Natural components and the absence of harmful compounds make natural oil safe for humans. The most common types of natural oils for impregnating wooden products: 
- Wood oil. One of the very first products that protect wood from rot, water and termites. Suitable for impregnation of floor and ceiling finishes, wooden furniture, trim and tableware.
- Teak oil. A universal product suitable for impregnating both internal wooden surfaces (floors, ceilings, decor, stairs, railings) and external ones (facades, gazebos, furniture and garden figures). The best choice for oak, beech and other expensive wood species. Ingredients: tung and linseed oils, purified turpentine.
- Tar oil. Has pronounced antiseptic properties. Ingredients: stump resin, turpentine, linseed oil. Turpentine helps to better saturate the material. Linseed oil stops the composition inside. Widely used in the courts. It is used to treat the bottoms of boats and piers. Suitable for exterior treatments.
- It is deservedly considered the most inexpensive and effective means protection wooden surfaces. Linseed oil has a high hydrophobic ability, so it fights dampness well. The particles penetrate into every pore of the material, emphasizing the structure and “preserving” it. Suitable for processing indoor and outdoor structures.
- Tonic oil (toning). This type of oil is produced on the basis of condensed plant lipids, which restore natural grace to the tree and protect it from destruction. It will also be possible to avoid problems such as fading, cracks, and drying out. More suitable for outdoor use, as the composition deeply penetrates the wood, literally repelling dirt.
Advantages and disadvantages of different types of oils
We found out that oils are used for one purpose - to increase the service life. They have, although not very different, properties. For example, one type has better water resistance, another copes well with dust, etc. Let's list the pros and cons of each oil.
| Type of oil | Advantages | Flaws |
| Mineral |
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| Tung |
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| Teak |
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| Degtyarnoe |
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| Linen |
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| Toning |
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|
Impregnation procedure and conditions
The most common method is rubbing into the surface. It is suitable for linseed, mineral oil. You need to rub the oil into the wood using sandpaper (P400) and a cloth napkin. The procedure should be carried out 3-4 times. After each time, the oil should be absorbed, i.e. surface is dry. This will take 3-8 days. A rag is needed for initial application, as well as for final stage– grinding. In exchange for long processing, you will get excellent results.
The second method is lubrication. It is used only when the wood will be subsequently coated with paint. The oil is applied with a regular brush. It is important that it be a drying oil, for example, linseed. Then the surface is leveled with a beige pad or cotton cloth.
The last 2 methods are boiling and soaking. For technical reasons, they are suitable only for small items: pens, toys. To soak, place the product in a pan and leave it covered for a couple of days. After this, sand with a cloth until shiny.
You can boil it, then the time is reduced to 1 day. Boiling is carried out over low heat at a certain temperature, depending on the oil (see table below).
Nuances of impregnation
Before starting work, you need to prepare the tree. The first thing to do is check the moisture content of the wood. It's better to keep it as dry as possible. Ideally, no more than 15-20% water.
After preparation, a color test is carried out. Apply to a small area of the surface oil solution, after which the resulting color is assessed, which depends on:
- tree species;
- the degree of its polishing;
- layer density.
Some companies, specializing in the production of tinting oils, they offer samples, giving you the opportunity to find out in advance what shade the product will acquire.
Pine, birch, fir are woods that require the application of a special alkaline solution before oil treatment. This is done to prevent the wood structure from darkening in the future.
The application itself (if you have chosen the coating method) goes in the direction of the fibers. It is better to collect excess oil in different places. Next, the wood is polished and left for some time, depending on the chosen impregnation method. By the way, pre-sanded wood will require much less oil.
Impregnation of wood with oil is necessary street structures made of wood. At exterior decoration The walls of the house also cannot be done without it. It increases the declared service life of wood. Don’t make stupid mistakes, for example, by giving preference to mineral oil for impregnating furniture, given that it is not environmentally friendly. Correct selection oil depends on the placement of the product (outdoors, indoors) and material (wood species).
- Oil properties
- Technologies used
Natural wood remains one of the most environmentally friendly and beautiful materials, used in the construction and decoration of premises, the production of furniture, decorative items, kitchen utensils. Wooden floors, window frames, doors, wall panels not only add color to the interior, but also maintain a cozy atmosphere and create a healthy microclimate. However, natural raw materials have an important drawback - high hydrophilicity, that is, the ability to absorb liquids. After some time after use, untreated wood, under the influence of accumulated moisture, swells, darkens and dries out.
Oil properties
To preserve the quality of wooden products for as long as possible, special impregnating agents are used that create an external protective covering. Natural oil compositions have some advantages in this regard, as they do not harm health. Flaxseed oil for impregnating wood is considered one of the best. It contains a high content of linoleic acid, which promotes polymerization - oxidation in air and the conversion of the substance to a semi-solid state. When applying natural plant composition to the surface several goals are achieved:
- the wood becomes protected from dampness, fungal attack, cracking, darkening, premature rot, and acquires moisture- and dirt-repellent properties;
- the natural structure of the material is emphasized;
- minor defects of products are masked: roughness, scratches;
- is improving appearance wood: color evens out, soft shine appears;
- the service life of materials is extended;
- the wood's ability to exchange air is preserved;
- There is no unpleasant chemical odor, characteristic of most synthetic impregnations, and there is no danger of intoxication.
Treating wooden products with linseed oil is absolutely harmless to people and animals and can be used on any surface, including children's toys, kitchen cutting boards, countertops, spoons, and bowls. This coating can be used for any type of wood: yew, birch, oak, pine, spruce. Wood oil acts as an antiseptic and is suitable as an independent or intermediate coating if paint or varnish is subsequently required.
Technologies used
For technical purposes, it is permissible to use a raw food product without additives, obtained by cold or hot pressing. But this composition has a drawback: it dries very slowly, each subsequent layer must be applied 5–7 days after the previous one. Long time processed products leave greasy stains when touched. The resulting coating will have to be updated quite often - 4–5 times a year, which is not very practical. In addition, light wood after it turns yellow or darkens when exposed to sunlight. It is better to use such impregnation for small parts: wall or floor decor, flowerpots, spoons, wood crafts, toys. Floors, stairs, benches, doors, shelves, ceiling beams, log houses and other massive elements are more useful to be coated with specially treated oil - industrial or drying oil home production with wax or synthetic polyurethane additives that speed up drying. Such products speed up and facilitate work, help achieve better results, and reduce further abrasion of the surface. Renewal of the completed coating is required 1–2 times a year.
In addition, pigmented impregnations based on linseed oil are produced, with which you can completely change old damaged wood, giving it an aesthetic appearance.
Materials processing involves several methods:
- vacuum impregnation - this technology is applicable only in industrial conditions, as it requires special equipment and certain skills;
- soaking - suitable for small items that are dipped into a heated mixture for several hours, then removed and dried;
- layer-by-layer application with a roller, brush, sponge - this way you can impregnate prepared surfaces of various sizes, this method is considered universal for all types wooden materials and finishing.
It is important to remember that pure linseed oil is not suitable for external works, since it does not create an impenetrable, stable film on the surface. The coating made with its help is more decorative than practical value, and on outdoors quickly deteriorates under the influence of sun, wind and rain. To increase stability, turpentine, polymers and other components are added to natural vegetable fat.
Wood impregnation at home
Impregnating compositions from linseed oil are easy to prepare at home. The easiest way is to boil it twice. The portion required for one use is heated in a water bath until it boils, then cooled and boiled again. As a result of heating, unstable impurities are destroyed. When purifying raw oil, hydrofiltration is sometimes used: it is combined with water before boiling and then filtered.
To ensure smoothness of the coating, extend the service life and increase water-repellent properties, you can add beeswax. If thick mastic is required, oil and wax are taken in a 1:1 ratio, for liquid impregnation - 2:1.
The bee product for wood processing is pre-crushed and combined with fat when heated, after melting it is mixed until completely homogeneous. The composition remaining after the work is stored in a cool place in a hermetically sealed container and heated if necessary.
When immersing wood, the mixture at a temperature of 60°C is poured into a steel or enamel container and the products are soaked in it for 2–3 hours. Then they are removed and the remaining oil is blotted off. soft cloth or paper and dry the items for 2–4 days. Finished surfaces polished with suede to a shine or varnished as desired.
Layering requires more effort and takes longer.
To work you will need:
- oil mixture;
- fine-grained sanding paper;
- sponge, brush or roller;
- clean rag;
- a piece of suede.
Fresh boards are thoroughly dried before processing; their moisture content should not exceed 15%. Impregnation is carried out in a dry room or outdoors in clear weather. All work is done with gloves.
- The material is sanded, smoothing out unevenness, cleaned of sawdust and wiped with a dry cloth.
- The composition heated to +60–70°C is applied along the fibers with a brush or other convenient tool. Dry, porous wood absorbs hot oil almost completely, so after the first application it usually requires a second application after 10-15 minutes. You need to carefully rub the oil into the finely porous material so that it does not spread and is evenly distributed over the surface. Stop work after the board begins to shine with varnish.
- The oil-coated boards are left alone for another 30 minutes, then the remaining composition is removed with a sponge, and the wood is left to dry. For drying oil, this period is on average 24 hours; if natural linseed oil without additives is used, drying can take more than 3 days.
- The second layer is applied to the products after the previous one has completely dried. The procedure is carried out similarly. Depending on the type of wood, it is necessary to apply not 2, but more repeated layers with a period of several days in order to achieve a dense, uniform outer layer.
- When the wood is completely ready and dry, it is polished with suede, achieving an even shine.
You can check the quality of the coating by applying a couple of drops of water to the surface. If after a few minutes the moisture remains in place, the wood has been impregnated well.
You can see what qualities impregnations based on linseed oil have in this video:
Linseed oil penetrates into the depth of the wood by 2–3 mm, which allows it to provide sufficient protective properties for several months. Impregnation can be renewed at any time after the coating ceases to perform its functions and begins to deteriorate.
Upon completion of work, all used materials - brushes, sponges, rags - must be immediately soaked in water, and rags and paper destroyed. Flaxseed oil oxidizes easily in air and can cause spontaneous combustion.
Wood – environmentally friendly and safe material, requiring proper attention and care throughout its entire service life.
Wood impregnation natural oil- this is the simplest and most effective way to protect it from destruction, rotting, damage by mold and pathogens.
Wood has high hydrophilic properties, which lead to drying out and damage to the surface.
To avoid such troubles in the future, experts recommend treating wood vegetable oils, which under the influence of sunlight and oxygen turn into a hard protective coating. They quickly penetrate wood fibers and reliably protect them from negative impact various factors.
The main reasons why oil coating matters:
- Mechanical damage is not noticeable on wooden surfaces, which can lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of the coating;
- Treatment with such compounds makes the surface pleasant to the touch, allowing it to maintain its original structure;
- Natural oils give wooden surfaces an attractive glossy shine, eliminating tarnishing and fading;
- Impregnation with linseed oil provides effective protection against fungal spores. The impregnation reliably closes the pores, which prevents water from entering them.
Benefits of oils
Construction stores offer a huge number of protective compounds for wood - oils, stains, varnishes, and waxes.
The most popular and effective for impregnating wooden surfaces are protective oil and wax. They have powerful waterproofing characteristics, while being completely safe and environmentally friendly.
Oils have the following benefits:
- Contains only environmentally friendly components;
- Provide reliable closure of small wood pores;
- They have high water-repellent and wear-resistant properties;
- Give wooden surfaces an attractive appearance;
- Increases the service life of wood;
- Applies well and recovers quickly;
- Do not peel, do not peel, do not deform;
- Do not change the natural color of the wood;
- They are well cleaned from contaminants;
- They have good value for money.
Despite the obvious advantages, oil impregnations have some disadvantages. Thus, oiled wooden surfaces require more attention than varnished bases. Every 4 months they need to be coated with a fresh layer of oil.
Oil treatment does not prevent greasy stains, which are difficult to remove with improvised means.
Types of wood oils, their choice
For wooden surfaces various types natural and artificial oil compositions are used.
Vegetable oils are natural ingredients that have been chemically processed to produce an effective protective composition. They are divided into three categories:
- Drying - poppy, walnut, wood, perilla, niger, flax, hemp, tar and others;
- Semi-drying - sunflower, rapeseed, cotton and others;
- Non-drying - castor, olive, palm, almond and others.
Artificial protective compounds made with the addition of various chemical components that are designed to increase the wear-resistant characteristics of the wooden coating.
The most in demand for protecting wood are linseed and hemp oils, which are characterized by a high content of glyceride compounds of linoleic and linolenic acids.
To choose the right oil for wood, you first need to determine whether the impregnation matches the type and density of the wood.
The best option for most types of wood are universal oil compositions that have an extended spectrum of effects. Some impregnations have a slight coloring effect on wood covering, thereby giving it a deep, rich shade.
Preparing the surface for processing
Before you begin impregnating wood with an oil composition, the surface should be prepared - thoroughly cleaned of dust, sanded and polished.
If wood is damaged by mold or pathogens, the surface requires cleaning, disinfection, and treatment with a deep penetration antibacterial primer. The treated base or parts must be left until completely dry.
Sanding the base is carried out using fine or medium-grain sandpaper; the resulting dust is cleaned with a soft brush or clean rag. The old paint layer is first removed using simple solvents and a scraper.
The finished surface must be smooth, without defects or damage. This is necessary in order to ensure better adhesion of the impregnation to the wood.
The process of applying impregnation to wood is carried out in several stages with technological breaks of 1.5-2 hours each.
To apply impregnation it is necessary to prepare following materials and tools:
- Oil composition;
- Wax;
- Small capacity;
- Wide brush;
- Soft, clean rags;
- Fine grit sandpaper.
You can buy it at any hardware store special compounds for wood, linseed oil is recommended. To speed up hardening, it is additionally recommended to use wax. Work on impregnating surfaces with compounds and wax is carried out as follows:
- To obtain the oil product, you need to heat the wax and linseed oil in different containers. Combine the finished ingredients and mix thoroughly.
- Apply the warm mixture evenly with a brush onto the treated surface along the wood fibers. Repeat the procedure 4-5 times. Depending on the type of wood, the procedure can be carried out in several approaches. The minimum interval between applications of oil layers is 1.5 hours.
- The coating is cleaned of excess oil with a clean rag before the impregnation hardens. With a little force, the rag must be pressed to the surface to remove the resulting roughness of the wood fibers.
- Leave the surface treated with compounds and wax until completely dry for 2-3 days.
- After drying, the coating should be polished to a matte shine.
Important! If linseed oil contains polyurethane components, then there is no need to add wax. Some wood substrates can only be treated with wax.
Drying of wood is carried out in a ventilated room or outdoors. During drying, the treated surface should be protected from moisture, dust and direct sunlight.
Subsequent work with bases treated with compounds and wax should be postponed for 7-10 days.
- Any wooden base can be treated with oils and wax. In this case, the wood moisture content should be no more than 14%. If the surface treatment process is carried out indoors, then the air humidity should not exceed 70%; for work outdoors, it is better to choose a good sunny day.
- It is recommended to treat coatings with rapid wear up to 4 times a year, bases with minor mechanical impact - no more than 1 time every 2 years.
- Treatment with linseed oil and wax is not performed on painted or varnished substrates.
- Unused linseed oil and wax can be stored in a cool place at a constant temperature of 0 degrees.
- It is recommended to treat valuable wood species with flax-based wax.
- For impregnation of external wooden bases and elements, pure linseed oil without auxiliary additives, which has pronounced moisture and dirt-repellent characteristics, is suitable. For internal surfaces, you can additionally use wax.
- High-quality impregnation with linseed oil can be done in two ways - rubbing and soaking. The composition is rubbed in with a sponge or brush along the fibers. This method is suitable for large bases. For small items and items, soaking can be used. IN in this case The product is immersed in a container with a protective agent for a couple of hours or days. After completion of impregnation, the wood is left to dry completely.
- To reliably protect wood, it is better to use oil and wax rather than varnish. Varnish coating susceptible to mechanical damage, the appearance of cracks and chips, which can cause swelling and rotting of the wood. Unlike varnish, linen protective agent and wax penetrate deeply into the fibers, preventing the appearance of cracks and protecting the wood from surrounding negative factors. In addition, the composition gives the base a rich shade and an attractive natural shine.
Timely impregnation with oil compositions will ensure high-quality and reliable protection wooden bases throughout the entire service life.
Linseed oil for wood helps improve the appearance of wood and protect finished wood. wooden product from drying out and cracking, give the wooden base a water-repellent property and extend the life of the finished product.
Properties of flax oil
Treating wood with linseed oil is used as decorative coating surfaces of facades of wooden houses, doors, furniture, for weapon butts, etc.
Impregnating wood with linseed oil increases the chances of wood to last longer and enhance its protective properties against dirt and water. Coating wood with linseed oil makes it possible to add any shade to the surface, highlighting the relief and texture of the wood. Besides, oil coating protects the tree from mold and fungal infections.
Flaxseed oil is used for wood processing both in production and at home. Hunters especially widely use impregnation of the butt with linseed oil, which is prepared using the following technology:
- Only wooden parts are impregnated, so before starting the procedure, all metal parts are separated from the wood.
- If the butt is treated with linseed oil for the first time, the oil is heated so that it turns into drying oil. To do this, pour 50 ml of oil into tin can or a saucepan with a lid and heat it well, taking safety precautions. Before each subsequent impregnation, the oil is heated until white smoke appears.
- If the weapon is old, its butt should be polished sandpaper. If you are young, this is not necessary.
- Use acetone to remove the entire walnut layer of the buttstock. upper layer stains.
- Then soak the entire surface with linseed oil. wooden base repeatedly. The oil should be approximately 150 ml.
Hunters carry out this procedure 3-4 weeks before the opening of the hunting season so that the stock absorbs the oil well. When the butt is completely dry, they pass over it with the following mixture: resin of a frugivorous tree, beeswax, turpentine in equal proportions and heated in a water bath. Lubricate the butt with this mixture 2 times, and then polish the surface after drying.
The product after such treatment, despite the dense coating layer, still breathes, while enhancing its water-repellent properties. Multilayer coating will make it possible to maintain a stable shade for a long period of time.
The advantage of this method is also its safety for human skin. Flaxseed oil is not capable of causing allergic reactions on the skin, unlike some types of paints and varnishes.
Types of impregnations
Impregnation of the knife handle with linseed oil is carried out in the same way as for a weapon butt. There are standard requirements for wood processing and flax oil coating work:
- The most common is a two-layer impregnation with linseed oil, which requires natural drying in the open air.
- When using flax oil with additives, impregnation should be carried out according to the instructions.
- Before impregnation, the surface to be treated must be cleaned of the previous coating, and the oiled surface must be sanded.
- Before use, the oil is boiled to speed up the drying process of the impregnation.
- The oil is applied along the wood fibers using rubbing movements to ensure better penetration oils in the cracks.
- Excess oil is removed with a rag 1-2 hours after application.
- Wax is used for polishing.
Linseed oil for wood is polymerized to obtain more elastic and water-resistant films. Polymerization of linseed oil occurs as a result of heating it without oxygen at a temperature of 300 degrees. To prevent oxidation, the oil is heated in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide, passing it constantly through the oil. Carbon dioxide displaces air and fills the space above the oil, isolating it from the air. As the temperature rises, moisture evaporates. For quick removal moisture, the oil is kept for some time at 150 degrees.
Technical oil
In addition to food grades of linseed oil, technical linseed oil is widely used. The rare natural composition easily polymerizes in air and creates a thin and durable film that protects against corrosion, moisture and pests. That is why linseed oil is used so widely - from bluing metals to creating high-quality Supplies for artists.
Huge volumes of technical linseed oil are consumed in construction: it produces high-quality drying oil. It is superior to chemical synthesis products in many respects, and has no equal in terms of safety of use.
Linseed oil for wood is used in construction as an impregnation for wooden surfaces in saunas, baths, as well as all other types of buildings made from log houses. Flaxseed oil for baths is an excellent material for impregnating the surface, thanks to which it acquires a protective coating that prevents moisture from penetrating into the deep layers of wood. Thanks to this, the tree does not dry out when high temperatures, it does not deform, does not rot, and over time no fungal accumulations are deposited in the wood.
When finishing a bathhouse from the inside, before applying layers of finishing varnish to the log houses, the surface is well impregnated with technical linseed oil. Thus, wooden frame covered protective layer from all sides, which significantly extends its service life.
Flaxseed oil has become very popular for artwork. They are used to dilute oil paints and varnishes. In addition, linseed oil can be used to clean brushes. Unlike solvent and turpentine, which are used for this purpose, linseed oil is odorless and very affordable.
Wood treatment with oil – traditional way care of wooden surfaces. Oil formulations ensure the safety of the material long years operation, impart hydrophobic properties to the surface and protect against the development of all kinds of unfavorable processes. However, oil treatment is not as simple an operation as it seems at first glance. Applying oil products to wood has its own characteristics, without knowing which you can get a completely opposite result and ruin the coating. In this review we will focus on how to apply oil to wood, what subtleties and nuances exist in this work.
The most common oils used for wood processing:
- tung;
- teak;
- tar;
- flaxseed
Each of the oils presented has its own characteristics, short review All means are given in the article. Here we will focus on the criteria for choosing oil, and also consider what is best to coat the wood in a given case.
- The most popular of the products presented is flaxseed oil. It is universal and can be used both outside and inside the house. Linen impregnation is excellent for damp rooms, because... has good hydrophobic properties. The oil takes a long time to dry, up to three weeks; to speed up the process, wax is added to it. At negative temperatures the oil becomes hard, which makes it difficult to treat external surfaces.
- Tar oil is ideal for treating log and timber houses. It withstands any weather and resistant to sub-zero temperatures. In addition, it is one of the best natural antiseptics and protects external surfaces from rotting. It is not advisable to use tar impregnation indoors, since it contains turpentine.
- Teak oil is suitable for impregnation of any surfaces, it provides effective protection from moisture, from UV radiation and others unfavorable factors. This product is also used to coat expensive wood species.
- Tung oil is intended for treating interior surfaces. It differs from other types of oils in its faster drying rate. The oil creates a durable film that has a high water-repellent effect. Very often used for restoration of antiques.
All the above oils are natural products, their use does not cause any adverse consequences for humans. Today, mineral oil, which is based on petroleum products, is often used for surface treatment.
Manufacturers claim that synthetics are safe and can be used for processing interior spaces. However, this is not true; synthetic additives are released into the atmosphere and are harmful to health. Therefore, the use of artificial oils is permissible only externally, and only if the product has been deeply cleaned.
Selecting oil according to wood type
When choosing a specific oil, you should always consider the wood species. To determine how an oil-coated surface will look, it is necessary to test on a small area.
- Conifers contain resins that prevent oil from penetrating into the structure, so they do not require oil impregnation. To protect the surface, if absolutely necessary, you can use thick compounds in one layer or treat wood of this species by waxing.
- For low-density wood, alder and linden, it is also better to use thick, saturated impregnations. The use of fluid compositions is undesirable, since with deep penetration, they remain inside in a liquid state.
- Beech and birch are characterized high density, therefore, they are first processed liquid formulations, and then thicker ones, which have a high degree of solids, and wax.
How can you dilute the oil?
To improve one or another characteristic of the oil, various components are added to it. For example, to increase the absorption of tung oil, it is diluted by 40% with white spirit.
To increase the drying speed of linseed oil, it is mixed with turpentine in a ratio (70:30) and then heated. However, you need to take into account that turpentine is toxic and has a pungent odor, so this composition can only be used for external processing. Tar is less toxic and can also be added to oil to speed up the drying process.
To impregnate wooden surfaces inside the house, wax is added to the oil. It increases the water-repellent and antistatic properties of the surface and accelerates the hardening process of the oil composition.
If you want to change the color of the wood or get a more saturated shade, you can tint the oil using pigments. Tinting allows you to elevate the look wooden house, painting it in the natural tones of more valuable wood species.
If you want to give your house a color unnatural for wood (red, green, blue), add oil paints or casein-oil tempera to the impregnation. You can also dilute the oil with gouache, but in this case mixing must be done while hot to remove excess liquid from the paint.
Oil application technologies
There are three ways to paint wood with oil:
- Vacuum impregnation. This technique is usually used in industrial settings. Such processing requires special equipment, so it is impossible to cover the surface using this technology yourself.
- Soaking. The method involves placing the wood in heated oil, letting it sit for a certain amount of time, and then drying it. Only small wooden products can be painted in this way.
- Layer coating. This technology is the most common. It is used for processing wooden surfaces of various sizes. This method discussed in detail below.
Preparatory work
Properly preparing the surface is 80% of success in this job. The oil is absorbed very strongly and it is impossible to hide defects under it. Any abrasions, scratches, or unevenness will remain noticeable after applying the oil. Therefore, the main task here is to bring the surface to an ideal state.
It is quite difficult to do this manually; it is advisable to use professional equipment for this - grinding machines, polishing pads. If not special devices, the work can be done with your own hands, but of course, the appearance of the surface will be far from ideal.
So what you need to do:
- If you need to treat an old log house with oil, first of all, remove the previous coating. Paint or varnish is removed with a wire brush. This must be done very carefully so as not to damage the wood itself. If you can’t clean off the coating this way, you can heat it construction hairdryer When the paint bubbles, it can be removed with a spatula.
- Then you need to carefully sand the wood. Professionals perform this operation using a grinder with wheels of different grain sizes, which are selected based on the condition of the surface. For rough cleaning use nozzles No. 40-80, for medium - No. 100-120, for polishing - No. 150-180. If there are no machines, you can sand by hand with sandpaper of different fractions.
- Before final polishing, all cracks and cracks must be sealed. It is necessary to putty with putty to match the color of the wood so that the patches remain invisible after applying the oil.
- After graduation preparatory work, all dust must be removed using construction vacuum cleaner. The remaining dust will also be visible after applying the oil, so do this work as carefully as possible.
Oil application instructions
Treatment of internal surfaces
The oil can be applied cold or hot. Application rules are the same for both options. The difference is in the oil impregnation temperature. In the first case, oil is used room temperature, in the second - before use, the composition is heated to a temperature of 80 degrees. It is also necessary to warm up the surface itself with a special thermal pad, since it will not be possible to saturate cold wood with hot oil; the product will not be able to be absorbed and will remain on the surface.
Regardless of the chosen method, you need to paint wood with oil in stages:
- First, the first layer of impregnation is applied. Oil is applied with a brush or cotton cloth thin layer and is evenly distributed over the surface.
- Excess oil must be removed immediately; if this is not done, the impregnation will dry out and form a crust, which will then be very difficult to remove. To remove excess oil, you need to wipe the area with a dry cloth. You need to rub in the impregnation until the rag collects the oil. If the oil is not absorbed and lies on the floor surface, you can take rubber spatula and use it to scrape the excess into the puddles, and then collect it with a rag.
- Next, the surface is polished with a soft cloth. After this, wipe all wet areas dry with a cotton rag.
- With the cold processing method, the application of the second layer begins no earlier than 5 hours; in some cases it is necessary to wait up to 12 hours. It depends on the type of oil. The second treatment with hot oil can be done after 2-2.5 hours, because it dries much faster.
- Repeated processing is carried out similarly to the first, each layer must be sanded. The number of layers depends on the condition of the surface, wood species and type of oil. Usually 2-3 layers of treatment are enough.
It takes two to three weeks for the surface to dry completely. exact date depends on the combination of the factors listed above.
Exterior treatment of the house
Applying oil to the facade of a house made of timber and logs should be done in a warm sunny weather. It is advisable to prime the surface before doing this. Let's take linseed oil as an example. If processing is carried out with flax oil, it must first be cleaned of impurities, since under the influence solar radiation linen impregnation turns yellow.
Methods for purifying oil:
- Using regular saline solution. To achieve good result, the oil must be washed at least 5-7 times.
- Mix the oil with lead salt and heat the composition to 60 degrees.
- Adding ethanol.
- Photooxidation. The oil is boiled with water, filtered and kept in the light.
Impregnation application process:
- We remove the old coating.
- We polish the surface.
- We remove dust with a vacuum cleaner.
- Using a brush with soft bristles, apply the first layer of oil-turpentine impregnation.
- After drying, sand the surface and apply oil again.
- After final drying, we process the wood a third time.
Conclusion
Oil is a product that is quite difficult to work with yourself. The slightest violation of technology and any inaccuracy immediately affects the quality of painting. All work must be carried out with the utmost care, especially when it comes to a transparent composition. Perfect grinding smoothness, smooth surface, no defects – prerequisites to obtain a beautiful and high-quality coating.
All these conditions are feasible when professionals get down to business. Mater Srubov company is yours reliable assistant in creating quality and beautiful interior wooden house. Specialists high level preparations will carry out any finishing work inside and outside the log house. To leave a request, go to the section. There you will find all our coordinates.